The Department of Anesthesiology The University of Texas Medical School at Houston
 
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Bruce D. Butler, Ph.D.
Professor Department of Anesthesiology
The University of Texas Medical School at Houston

Vice President Research and Technology
The University of Texas Medical School at Houston

Associate Director
UTHSCH / MD Anderson Cancer Ctr -
Center for Advanced Biomedical Imaging Research

Director of Research, Hermann Center for
Environmental Aerospace and Industrial Medicine
Hermann Hospital, Houston, TX

   
     
       
EDUCATION ACADEMIC APPOINTMENTS ORGANIZATIONS: NATIONAL HONORS AND AWARDS
EDITORIAL POSITIONS GRANT REVIEW COMMITTEES UTHSCH COMMITTEES MED SCHOOL COMMITTEES
GRADUATE STUDENTS COMMITTEE SPONSORSHIP:  RESEARCH TEACHING RESPONSIBILITIES GRANT SUPPORT
PAST RESEARCH SUPPORT PUBLICATIONS OTHER COMMUNICATIONS CONTACT INFORMATION
       
       
       
EDUCATION
Undergraduate Education:    
1975 B.A., Biology/Chemistry
University of Texas
Austin, Texas
 
       
Graduate Education:      
1980 Ph.D., Physiology and Biophysics
University of Texas Medical Branch
Galveston, Texas
   
       
Post Graduate Training:    
1980-1981 Wolfson Institute
University of Dundee Medical School
Dundee, Scotland
 
1981-1982 Department of Anesthesiology
The University of Texas Medical School
Houston, Texas
 
       
ACADEMIC APPOINTMENTS
1980 1980 Lecturer, University of Dundee, Wolfson Institute of
Occupational Health, Dundee, Scotland
1982-1983 1982-1983 Instructor of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas
Medical School, Houston, Texas
1983-1990 1983-1990 Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology, The University of
Texas Medical School, Houston, Texas
1984-1994 1984-1994 Member, Faculty - Graduate School of Biomedical
Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
1987-1993 Adjunct Associate Professor; School of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
1990-1995 Associate Professor of Anesthesiology (Tenure), The University of Texas Medical School, Houston, Texas
1991-1995 1991-1995 Adjunct Associate Professor of Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas
1995-Present Professor of Environmental Sciences (Adjunct),
The University of Texas School of Public Health,
Houston, Texas
1995-2002 Professor, Faculty of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Special Member, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
1995-Present Professor of Anesthesiology (Tenure), The University of Texas Medical School, Houston, Texas
1996-Present Director of Research, Hermann Center for Environmental Aerospace and Industrial Medicine, Hermann Hospital, Houston, TX
2004-Present Associate Director, UTHSC-H/MD Anderson Cancer Ctr; Center for Advanced Biomedical Imaging Research
       
PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS (AND COMMITTEES OF THESE):   NATIONAL
1976-Present Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society
- Program Committee, 1990
- Co-Chair, Scientific Meeting, 1994
- Secretary, 1993-1994
- Executive Committee, 1993-1995
- Chairman, Publications Committee, 1994-Present
1980-Present American Physiological Society
1980-Present International Union of Physiological Scientists  
1987-Present Aerospace Medical Association
   (Scientific Program Committee)
   (Space Medicine Branch, Program Committee)
1989-Present American Society for Gravitation and Space Biology  
1990-Present Aerospace Physiological Society  
1992-Present Society of Critical Care Medicine  
1992-1993 NASA-GSRP Advisor  
1992-Present Associate, Committee on Space Research (COSPAR)  
1996-Present American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics  
1999-2003 Research Advisory Board; Environmental Biomedical
Stress Data Center, Philadelphia, PA
1999-Present Association of University Technology Managers (AUTM)
2000-Present Licensing Executives Society (LES)  
2001-2003 UT System, Chancellor's Technology Transfer Commission
       
HONORS AND AWARDS
1981 Visiting Scientist
Naval Medical Research Institute (NMRI)
Bethesda, Maryland
1983 MARC Visiting Scientist (FASEB)  
1988 Dean's Teaching Excellence List
The University of Texas Health Science Center
 
1990 Dean's Teaching Excellence List
University of Texas Health Science Center
 
1991 Dean's Teaching Excellence List
The University of Texas Health Science Center
 
2001 Team, the NASA Space and Life Sciences Directorate Special Scientific Achievement Award
       
EDITORIAL POSITIONS
Reviewer Chemical Engineering (1994-1998); Anesthesiology; Journal of Applied Physiology; Aviation, Space and Environmental Medicine; CRC Press; Anesthesia and Analgesia; American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine; SAE Journal; Perfusion.
       
Editorial Board Journal of Extra-Corporeal Technology (1984-1986); Undersea and Hyperbaric Medicine (1994-2005); Perfusion (1998-Present). Aviation, Space and Environmental Medicine (2002-2005)
       
SERVICE ON NATIONAL GRANT REVIEW PANELS, STUDY SECTIONS, COMMITTEES:
  Veterans Administration
  United States Air Force (Surgeon General's Office)
  U.S. Dept of Commerce, National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
  NIH-NHLBI, Clinical Trials Review Committee
  American Institute of Biological Sciences (AIBS) - Special Science Programs (NASA Life Sciences)
  National Undersea Research Center at University of North Carolina (NVRC/UNCW)
  Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): Member Assessment Panel; Physiological Effects of Exposure to Alternative Fire Fighting Agents (1995-1998)
  NASA: Chairman, Advisory Committee In-suit Doppler Project (1994-1998)
  NASA DCS Risk Definition and Contingency Plan: Outside Review (1998-1999)
  NASA: Environmental Health Strategic Plan Committee, NASA Life Sciences Division (Biomedical Research and Countermeasures Program), Washington, D.C. (1998-1999)
  NASA: Extravehicular Activity Integrated Project Team (EVA IPT) Medical Operations Space Medical Monitoring Countermeasures Program, Extramural Expert (1998-Present)
  American Board of Preventative Medicine (ABPM) Examination Committee (Subcommittee for Undersea and Hyperbaric Medicine (1999-Present)
  Tenth Symposium on Underwater and Hyperbaric Physiology, “Oxygen 2002”, Scientific Review Committee Member, La Jolla CA, July 2002
  Killam Foundation Research Fellowship, Canadian Council for the Arts (External Reviewer) 2002
  American Institute of Biological Sciences (AIBS)- Special Science Programs (Office of Naval research, U.S Navy)
  NASA: International Space Station Camp-out EVA Prebreathe Protocol Review Team (2005- present)
  Technology Transfer”, 3rd Annual Rice University Biotechnology and Healthcare Symposium, Jones Graduate School of Management, Houston, TX (2006)
  Technology Transfer”, Baker Institute for International Affair, Rice University, Houston, TX (2006)
  Patents and Intellectual Property”, UT-TORCH Core Seminar Series, UTHSC-H Dental Branch, Houston, TX (2006)
  Technology Transfer and Data Management and Ownership, UTHSC-H New Investigator Development Program (2006)
  ONR/NAVSEA/BUMED, U.S. Navy Combined Undersea Medicine Research, “Decompression Sickness as an Inflammatory Disease.” Program (2006)
  “Life Science Entrepreneurship & Mentoring Series” From Lab to Market; How to Commercialize Technology and Launch a Life Science Business. Rice Alliance Houston, TX (2006)
   
SERVICE ON THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER AT HOUSTON COMMITTEES
1988-1992 Animal Welfare Committee (UTHSC) Chairman, Subcommittee on Community Affairs
1988-1992 Space Health Sciences and Technology Forum
1993-1994 Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI), Team Leader: Initiation and Negotiation of Contracts
1996-1997 National Space Biomedical Research Institute (NASA), UT-HHSC Consortium (Member, Red Team Review Committee)
1998 Review Committee for UT-HHSC Executive Vice President for Research and Academic Affairs
1998 UT-HHSC Medical School Architect/Engineering RFQ Team
1991-2000 Texas Space Grant Consortium (TSGC), UT-HHSC Institutional Representative
1986-Present Intellectual Property Committee
1987-Present Intellectual Property Committee    
2002-Present Research Conflicts of Interest Committee  
2002-Present UTHSC-H Strategic Planning: Biotechnology Group
2003-Present UTHSC-H Gulf Coast Drug Discovery Initiative Working Group
2004-Present Conflict of Interest and Financial Disclosure Policy Working Group
2004-Present Faculty Research Advisory Panel
       
SERVICE ON THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MEDICAL AT HOUSTON SCHOOL COMMITTEES
1983-1993 Interviewer for Admissions Committee
1984-1988 Animal Welfare Committee
1986-1988 Animal Welfare Committee: Vice-Chairperson
1985-1994 Freshman Medical Student Advisor
1989-1992 Mentor Program (Ethnic-minority students)  
1997 Review Committee, James "Red" Duke Distinguished Professorship
1990-Present Department of Anesthesiology Research Advisory Committee
1997-Present Department of Anesthesiology Promotions and Tenure Committee
1997-Present Department of Anesthesiology Peer Review Committee
2000-Present Department of Anesthesiology Ad Hoc Substance Abuse Committee
       
GRADUATE STUDENT ADVISORY/EXAMINATION COMMITTEES
1991-1992 Ronald R. Robinson (UT-HHSC School of Public Health)
1992-1994 Donna M. Uguccioni (University of North Carolina)  
1994 Karen Davis (UT-HHSC Graduate School)  
1995-1996 Joseph Dervay, M.D. (University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX)
1995-1996 Tina Little (UT-HHSC School of Public Health)  
1997-2000 Esther Beltran (UT-HHSC School of Public Health)
2000-2004 Lynne Phillips (UT-HHSC, Graduate School)  
2000-2001 Philip P. Foster, M.D. (Univ. of Lyon, Lyon, France)  
2000-2001 Astride H. Jelde (Norwegian University Science & Technology, Trondheim, Norway)
       
SPONSORSHIP OF MEDICAL/GRADUATE STUDENT RESEARCH
1987 Johnny Conkin (Graduate School)  
1988 R. David Warters (Medical School)  
1988 Todd Emery (Medical School)  
1989 Ronald R. Robinson (Medical School)  
1990 James V. Stonecipher (Medical School)  
1990 James Warnock (Medical School)  
1989 1989 Bonnie Boenig (Medical School)  
1990 1990 Scott Dahlbeck (Medical School)  
1992 John Faillace (Medical School)  
1993 Ronald R. Robinson (School of Public Health)  
1993 Matias Behrends (Göttingen University)  
1994 Michael L. Pearlman (Graduate School)  
1995-1996 Tina Little (School of Public Health)  
1997 Jessie Hebert (Medical School)  
1997 Mary Vreeke (Medical School)  
1997-1999 Ester Beltran (School of Public Health)  
       
SPONSORSHIP OF MEDICAL FACULTY/POSTDOCTORAL RESEARCH
1984-1985 Edmund Garvey, M.D  
1984-1988 Jeffrey Katz, M.B., Ch.B.    
1985-1988 Basil C. Leiman, M.B., B.Ch.    
1988-1989 Ian Davies, M.B., B.Ch.    
1989-1990 Tadashi Moriya, Ph.D. (Tokyo Metropolitan Univ.)  
1992-1994 1992-1994 William P. Morris, M.D.  
2000-2001 Jane Risdall, M.D. (Royal Navy, U.K.)  
       
SPONSORSHIP OF MEDICAL RESIDENT/POSTDOCTORAL RESEARCH
1992 Shannon Drtil, M.D.    
1993 Michelle Bricker, M.D.    
1994 Michael Pogodsky, M.D    
1996 Ronald R. Robinson, M.D.  
     
CURRENT TEACHING RESPONSIBILITIES
1981-2000 Medical School, Surgery/Anesthesiology Third Year Medical Students  - Physiology Dog Lab  
1981-1987 School of Allied Health Sciences - EMS Program, Cardiovascular Laboratory and Lectures
 
1987, 1994 Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences - Special Topics
 
1984-Present Medical School - Anesthesia Resident Seminars
 
1988-Present Medical School - Special Topics
Hyperbaric & Aerospace Medicine (ANES 4004)
 
1993-Present School of Public Health (Special Topics)  
     
CURRENT GRANT SUPPORT
2003-2006 Decompression Sickness as an Inflammatory Disease: Combined Adjunctive Therapy. Principal Investigator, Office of Naval Research (ONR), U.S. Navy NRD-311 $475,853
     
PAST RESEARCH SUPPORT
2001-2005 Physiological Study of Venous Microfoam Injection (Varisolve): Defining the Overall fate of the Gaseous Element of the Microfoam ($203,736).
1998-2003 Effects of Circadian Rhythms on Decompression Outcome. Principal Investigator. NASA NAG-9-1040 ($297,969).
1999-2003 1999-2003 EVA Prebreathe Reduction Protocol. Principal Investigator. NASA NCC 9-82 ($600,000). (Renewal in consideration).
2000-2003 Phase Formation, Growth and Effects of Surface Tension. Principal Investigator. NASA NCC 9-90 $55,162).
1998-1999 1998-1999 Clinical Evaluation of Balloon-Tipped Suction Catheter. Co-Principal Investigator. Mallinckrodt Inc. ($46,125).
1997-1999 Lifetimes of In-Vivo Gas Bubble Micronuclei. Principal Investigator. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). NAG-9-940 ($130,000).
1997-1998 Brain Parencyhma PO2, PCO2 and pH Measurement During and Following Hypoxic, Ischemic Brain Insult in Dogs. Principal Investigator. Camino Neurocare Inc. ($15,000).
1997-1998 1997-1998 Physiological Effects of Decompression-Induced Venous Bubbles. NASA NAG-5-6176 ($100,859).
1996-1999 Detection of In Vivo Gas Phase Formation and Growth. Principle Investigator. NASA Cooperative Agreement. NAG 9 865 ($60,000).
1996-1997 Experimental Evaluation of Balloon-Tipped Suction Catheter. Principal Investigator. Mallinckrodt Medical Inc. ($17,843).
1996-1998 Development of a Stable and Active Formulation of Aspirin and Phosphatidylcholine. Co-Principal Investigator. Bayer Corporation Consumer Care Division ($65,000).
1995-1997 Physiological Effects of Decompression-Induced Venous Bubbles. Principal Investigator. NASA NAGW-4479 ($190,481).
1995-1997 Non-Invasive, In-vivo Bubble Sizing Instrument. Principal Investigator. NASA SBIR (CREARE) ($11,698).
1992-1995 Developmental Studies of Colorimetric Carbon Dioxide Detector for Detection of Endotracheal Intubation.
Principal Investigator. Nellcor ($225,000).
1992-1993 Right to Left Atrial Pressure Gradients with Venous Gas Embolism. Principal Investigator. United States Air Force USAF-ILIR (SCEEE) ($33,856).
1992-1993 Simulated Weightlessness and Venous Air Embolism: Effects on the Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Systems. Advisor/Co-Investigator. NASA Graduate Student Research Program. (NASA) ($22,000).
1986-1994 Physiological Effects of Venous Bubbles Relevant to Astronauts. Principal Investigator. National Aeronautics Space Administration, NASA Research Grant NAG-9-215 ($385,866).
1991-1995 Hind-limb Tissue Gas Phase Formation in Response to Suspension Adynamia and Hypokinesia in Rats at Unit Gravity and the Relationship to the Decompression Risk Anomaly in Microgravity. Principal Investigator. National Aeronautics Space Administration, NASA Cooperative Agreement NCC-9-20 ($33,416).
1991-1992 Hypobaric Decompression Sickness and Cardiovascular Deconditioning. Co-Principal Investigator. BRSG (PHS) ($8,000).
1986-1987 Mechanism of Succinylcholine Induced Arrhythmias in Hypoxic or Hypoxic: Hypercarbic Dogs.
Sponsor/ Co Investigator. Biomedical Research Support Grant 201-2-3445 (PHS) ($4,925).
1985-1986 Effects of Inhalation Anesthetics on Gas Bubble Filtration. Sponsor/Co-Investigator. American Society of Anesthesiologists ($14,664).
1984-1986 Factors Determining the Incidence of "Bends"
Upon Decompression to Altitude. Co Investigator. NASA, Research Grant NAG-9-23 ($150,501).
1984-1986 1984-1986 Role of GI Phospholipids in Ulcer Protection. Co Investigator. National Institutes of Health NIH, NIAMDDK 1R01-AM-3323901 ($220,726).
1983-1984 Effects of Gaseous Anesthetics on Pulmonary Filtration of Venous Air Emboli. Principal Investigator. BRSG RR-05745-11 (PHS) ($5,000).
1981-1983 National Research Service*. 1F32-HL06429-01
(Post-doctoral Fellowship). *Funds returned to agency because of alternative employment.
1981-1982 Investigation of the Capability of the Lung to Filter Microbubbles. Co-Investigator. Office of Naval Research, Submarine Medical Command, N00014-77-C-0064 ($103,898).
1981-1982 Parker B. Francis Foundation*. Fellowship in Pulmonary Research. (Post-doctoral Fellowship).
1977-1980 Biophysical Aspects of Decompression Sickness. Co Investigator. Office of Naval Research, N00014-75-C-1035 ($230,616).
     
PUBLICATIONS
ABSTRACTS REFEREED ARTICLES CHAPTERS  
  Printer-friendly version of publications and presentations
ABSTRACTS  
 1. Hills, B.A. and Butler, B.D.: The Kangaroo rat as a model for Type I decompression sickness. Undersea Biomed. Res. 3:A34, 1976.
 2. Blankenship, J.E., Butler, B.D. and Feinstein, R.: Effects of nitrogen on nerve membranes and nerve impulse transmission. Progress Report: Physiology Program, Arlington, Virginia, ONR Report ACR 215:7, 1976.
 3. Hills, B.A. and Butler, B.D.: Biophysical aspects of decompression sickness. Progress Report: Physiology Program, Arlington, Virginia, ONR Report ACR 215:26-27, 1976.
 4. Butler, B.D. and Hills, B.A.: Photodetector for intravascular bubbles. Undersea Biomed. Res. 4:A51-52, 1977.
 5. Hills, B.A., Butler, B.D. and Griffiths, C.: Fundamental biophysical aspects of decompression sickness. Progress Report: Physiology Program, Arlington, Virginia, ONR Report ACR 223:25-26, 1977.
 6. Butler, B.D. and Hills, B.A.: Transcutaneous detection of arterial microbubbles using Doppler. Undersea Biomed. Res., Suppl. 4:A13, 1978.
 7. Hills, B.A. and Butler, B.D.: Mechanism of C.N.S. symptoms: The lung as a bubble trap. Undersea Biomed. Res., Suppl. 5:A58, 1978.
 8. Hills, B.A., Butler, B.D. and Griffiths, C.E.: Biophysical aspects of decompression sickness. Progress Report: Physiology Program, Arlington, Virginia, ONR Report ACR 226:19-20, 1978.
 9. Hills, B.A., Butler, B.D. and Barrow, R.E.: Biophysical aspects of decompression sickness. Progress Report: Physiology Program, Office of Naval Research, Arlington, Virginia, ONR Report ACR 229:21-22, 1979.
10. Butler, B.D., Sutton, T.E. and Hills, B.A.: Determination of bubble size resulting from decompression. Proc. First Gulf Coast Symp. Underwater Med., Washington. Undersea Med. Soc., 1980.
11. Butler, B.D. and Hills, B.A.: Adverse effects of the use of a vasodilator in venous air embolism. Proc. First Gulf Coast Symp. Underwater Med., Washington. Undersea Med. Soc., 1980.
12. Bennett, L.M., Baker, L.E. and Butler, B.D.: Thoracic and tissue impedance (Zo) changes during decompression. Proc. First Gulf Coast Symp. Underwater Med., Washington. Undersea Med. Soc., 1980.
13. Butler, B.D., Hills, B.A. and Sutton, T.E.: Size distribution of intravascular bubbles induced by decompression. Proc. Annual Meeting, Undersea Med. Soc., Athens. Undersea Biomedical Res., 1980.
14. Butler, B.D. and Hills, B.A.: Aminophylline effects on pulmonary vascular filtration of venous air emboli. Proc. 28th Int. Cong. Physiol. Sci., Budapest 19:345, 1980.
15. Butler, B.D. and Hills, B.A.: Microembolism studies: techniques and application. Fed. Proc. 40:423, 1981.
16. Butler, B.D. and Hills, B.A.: Methods for producing microbubbles for microembolism studies. Undersea Biomed. Res. Supp. 8:35, 1981.
17. Sutton, T., Hills, B.A., Butler, B.D. and Mader, J.: Effect of theophylline on pulmonary vascular filtration following decompression and venous embolism. Proceed. Annual Meeting, Undersea Med. Soc. (Gulf Coast), Panama City, FL 1981.
18. Butler, B.D. and Hills, B.A.: Pulmonary air embolism and surfactant. Fed. Proc. 41:994, 1982.
19. Lichtenberger, L.M., Butler, B.D. and Hills, B.A.: Identification of phospholipids (PL) on the luminal surface of the GI tract. Fed. Proc. 41:1124, 1982.
20. Lichtenberger, L.M., Butler, B.D. and Hills, B.A.: Role of phospholipids in the gastric mucosal barrier. Gastroenterology 82:115, 1982.
21. Gabel, J.C., Butler, B.D. and Drake, R.E.: Effect of coronary artery ligation on pulmonary microvascular permeability in dogs. Fed. Proc. 41:1271, 1983.
22. Butler, B.D. and Hills, B.A.: Cardiovascular effects and filtration threshold for pulmonary air embolism. Fed. Proc. 42:489, 1983.
23. Hills, B.A. and Butler, B.D.: Active ingredient for synovial lubrication. Fed. Proc. 42:764, 1983.
24. Lichtenberger, L.M., Dial, E.J., Butler, B.D. and Hills, B.A.: Surface active phospholipids (SAPL) are an important component of the gastric mucosal barrier (GMB). Gastroenterology 84:1230, 1983.
25. Butler, B.D. and Hills, B.A.: Venous air embolism: circulatory response and pulmonary filtration in a decompression model. Proc. Undersea Med. Soc. (Gulf Coast), Galveston, 1983.
26. Katz, J., Butler, B.D., Hills, B.A. and Johnson, P.J.: Safety of lorazepam in hypovolemic shock. Anesthesiology 59:A96, 1983.
27. Butler, B.D., Garvey, E.P. and Hills, B.A.: Pulmonary vascular filtration threshold for venous air bubbles: concepts and limitations. Undersea Biomed. Res. 11:21, 1984.
28. Butler, B.D.: Gas bubbles in blood: physical concepts. Proc. 19th Ann. Mtg., AAMI, Washington, D.C., p. 16, 1984.
29. Butler, B.D. and Kurusz, M.: Physical phenomena of gaseous microemboli. Proc. CECEC Cong., Paris, p. 24, 1984.
30. Laine, G., Butler, B., Drake, R. and Gabel, J.: Effect of air embolism on lung fluid balance. Microcirc. Endothel. Lymp. 2:115, 1985.
31. Leiman, B., Katz, J. and Butler, B.D.: Cardiovascular effects of succinylcholine in hypoxic, hypoxic/hypercarbic dogs with halothane or enflurane anesthesia. Fed. Proc. 44:1835, 1985.
32. Butler, B.D., Hills, B. and Drake, R.: Pulmonary embolism: effects of bronchial blood flow on pulmonary artery wedge pressure. Fed. Proc. 44:1759, 1985.
33. Katz, J., Hills, B. and Butler, B.D.: Effects of halothane on the pulmonary vascular filtration of venous gas emboli. Fed. Proc. 44:1835, 1985.
34. Butler, B.D., Luehr, S., Hills, B.A. and Katz, J.: Nitrous oxide anesthesia and pulmonary air embolism. Anesthesiology 63:A422, 1985.
35. Katz, J., Luehr, S., Hills, B.A. and Butler, B.D.: Halothane decreases pulmonary filtration of venous air emboli. Anesthesiology 63:A523, 1985.
36. Butler, B.D., Leiman, B. and Katz, J.: Bubble life in the pulmonary vasculature following venous air embolism. Fed. Proc. 45:200, 1986.
37. Butler, B.D., Leiman, B.C., Luehr, S. and Katz, J.: Effects of PEEP on the incidence of paradoxical air embolism in the absence of ASD in dogs. Anesthesiology 65:A81, 1986.
38. Katz, J., Leiman, B.C., Luehr, S. and Butler, B.D.: Effects of isoflurane on pulmonary filtration of venous air emboli in dogs. Anesthesiology 65:A362, 1986.
39. Leiman, B.C., Katz, J., Stanley, T.H., Luehr, S. and Butler, B.D.: Improved secretion removal with less blood gas alteration after extirpation as compared to aspiration of tracheobronchial secretions. Anesthesiology 65:A159, 1986.
40. Laine, G., Butler, B.D., Allen, S., Drake, R. and Gabel, J.C.: Intravenous air embolism does not alter pulmonary microvascular permeability. Proc. 30th Int. Cong. Physiol. Sci. 16:96, 1986.
41. Leiman, B.C., Braude, B.M., Glass, P.S., Cronau, L.H., Katz, J., Butler, B.D. and Stanley, T.H.: PaO2 during preoxygenation: the influence of face mask fit, time and preoperative pulmonary function. Anesth. Analg. 66:S102, 1987.
42. Leiman, B.C., Warters, R.D., Katz, J., Salzarulo, H.H. and Butler, B.D.: Minimizing friction in glass syringes for locating the epidural space. Anesth. Analg. 66:S103, 1987.
43. Katz, J., Warters, R.D., Leiman, B.C., Laine, G.L., Kurusz, M. and Butler, B.D.: Distribution of arterial air emboli: effect of the Trendelenburg position in dogs. Anesth. Analg. 66:S93, 1987.
44. Leiman, B.C., Braude, B., Glass, P., Cronau, L., Katz, J., Butler, B. and Stanley, T.H.: Quantitation of factors influencing efficacy of preoxygenation prior to general anesthesia. Fed. Proc. 46:1303, 1987.
45. Butler, B.D., Leiman, B. and Katz, J.: Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and venous air embolism. Fed. Proc. 46:1303, 1987.
46. Butler, B.D., Katz, J., Leiman, B.C., Warters, R.D. and Sutton, T.: Cerebral decompression sickness: bubble distribution in dogs in the Trendelenburg position. Undersea Biomed. Res. 14:15, 1987.
47. Butler, B.D. and Katz, J.: Venous gas embolism. Proc. Space Life Sci. Symposium. NASA, Washington, DC, pp. 148-149, 1987.
48. Butler, B.D., Luehr, S. and Katz, J.: Influence of oxygen ventilation on survival of air emboli in the pulmonary vasculature. FASEB J. 2:A1721, 1988.
49. Butler, B.D., Luehr, S. and Katz, J.: Influence of oxygen ventilation on survival of air emboli in the pulmonary vasculature. FASEB J. 2:A1721, 1988.
50. Butler, B.D., Conkin, J. and Luehr, S.: Repetitive versus continuous venous air embolism in dogs: effects on pulmonary hemodynamics, extravascular lung water and bubble longevity. Undersea Biomed. Res. 15:18, 1988.
51. Butler, B.D. and Katz, J.: Pulmonary hemodynamic factors leading to arterial gas embolism of venous origin. Undersea Biomed. Res. 15:25, 1988.
52. Drake, R., Allen, S., Butler, B., Laine, G. and Gabel, J.: Critical microvascular pressure after acceleration of edema formation. FASEB J. 2:1701, 1988.
53. Butler, B.D., Davies, I. and Drake, R.E.: Changes in alveolar lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and extravascular lung water after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Physiologist 31:A92, 1988.
54. Butler, B.D., Davies, I. and Drake, R.E.: Lysophosphatidylcholine effects of lung fluid balance in dogs. Proc. 7th Int. Symp. on Surfactants in Solution, Ottawa: 145, 1988.
55. Drake, R.E., Butler, B.D. and Gabel, J.C.: Role of the alveolar gas/liquid interface in acceleration of pulmonary edema formation. FASEB J. 3:A373, 1989.
56. Butler, B.D., Davies, I. and Drake, R.E.: Airway instillation of lysophosphatidylcholine and its effects on the filtration coefficient and critical microvascular pressure. FASEB J. 3:A372, 1989.
57. Elk, J.R., Butler, B.D., Warters, R.D., Davies, I. and Abouleish, E.: Evaluation of loss of resistance with different syringes used in locating the epidural space. Anesthesiology 71(3A):A434, 1989.
58. Butler, B.D. and Robinson, R.: Digitized ultrasonic bubble signals as a visual adjunct to bubble scoring during decompression for EVA simulation. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 61:488, 1990.
59. Butler, B.D.: Lysophosphatidylcholine-induced changes in surface properties of rat bronchoalveolar lavage. FASEB J. 4:A1185, 1990.
60. Butler, B.D., Robinson, R. and Sutton, T.: Venous bubble detection with decompression: computer assisted visual and audio monitoring. Undersea Biomed. Res. 17(S):34, 1990.
61. Butler, B.D., Allen, S.J. and Laine, G.A.: Pulmonary edema with venous gas emboli: no evidence for microvascular permeability change. Undersea Biomed. Res. 17(S):71, 1990.
62. Sutton, T., Cianci, P., Hill, R.K. and Butler, B.D.: Emergency action with arterial gas embolism: is there evidence for the Trendelenburg position. Proc. Undersea and Hyperbaric Med. Soc. (Gulf Coast), 1990.
63. Charnov, J.H., Narayana, P.A., Butler, B.D. and Cotler, H.B.: Magnetic resonance imaging of hyperbaric oxygen treated spinal cord injuries. Fifth Ann. Mtg., North Amer. Spine Soc., 1990.
64. Butler, B.D., Moriya, T. and Ophir, J.: A new class of stabilized microbubbles for use as ultrasonic contrast. Ultrasonic Imaging 12:150, 1990.
65. Moriya, T., Tanahashi, Y., Butler, B.D. and Ophir, J.: Microbubble produc¬tion by temperature gradient method for use as an ultrasonic contrast agent. 16th World Cong. on Med. Physics and Biomed. Engin., Kyoto, Japan, July, 1991.
66. Ophir, J. and Butler, B.D.: Contrast agents in diagnostic ultrasound. Proc. World Fed. of Ultrasound in Med. and Biol., Copenhagen, Sept., 1991.
67. Butler, B.D., Doursout, M-F. and Chelly, J.E.: Cardiovascular effects of decompression sickness in chronically instrumented rats. Undersea Biomed. Res. 18(S):27, 1991.
68. Butler, B.D.: Pulmonary effects of decompression stress in the rat. Undersea Biomed. Res. 18(S):74, 1991.
69. Butler, B.D. and Fife, C.: Decompression bubbles and Doppler: enhancement of bubble grade analysis with digitized signals. Undersea Biomed. Res. 18(S):65, 1991.
70. Narayana, P.A., Kudrle, W.A., Liu, S-J., Charnov, J.H. and Butler, B.D.: Magnetic resonance imaging of hyperbaric oxygen treated experimental spinal cord injury. Proc. Soc. Magn. Reson. in Med., 1991.
71. Butler, B.D., Robinson, R.R., Doursout, M-F. and Chelly, J.R.: Cardiac function changes in rats using a model of simulated weightlessness. FASEB J. 6:A1773, 1992.
72. Butler, B.D. and Little, T.: Effects of dibutyryl cAMP on decompression induced lung injury. Undersea Biomed. Res. 19:43(5):1992.
73. Robinson R.R., Doursout, M-F, Chelly, J.E. and Butler, B.D.: Cardiovascular function measurement in the tail suspended rat. Amer. Soc. Grav. Space Biol. Bull. 6:35, 1992.
74. Butler, B.D., Robinson, R. and Kemper, G.B.: Atrial hemodynamics with decompression and venous air embolism. Aviat., Space Environ. Med. 64:453, 1993.
75. Butler, B.D., Morris, W.P., Tonneson, A.S. and Allen, S.J.: Association of barotrauma and continuous venous air embolism diagnosed with transesophageal echocardiography. Crit. Care Med. 21:S283-1993.
76. Butler, B.D., Powell, M.R. and Morris, W.P.: Novel findings in decompression illness (DCI) using transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). Undersea and Hyperbaric Med. 20S:80, 1993.
77. Butler, B.D., Larson, S.R., Sutton, T., Fife, C. and Koch, S.: Emergency intubation in a hyperbaric chamber: verification of endotracheal tube placement using a disposable CO2 detector. Undersea & Hyperbaric Med. 205:29 30, 1993.
78. Robinson, R.R. and Butler, B.D.: The relationship between cardiovascular deconditioning and hypobaric decompression. NASA GSRP; Proceeding 1993. Ann. Symp. 89:1993.
79. Butler, B.D., Allen, S.J., Little, T. and Morris, W.P.: Pneumomediasti¬num in the etiology of continuous venous air embolism. Anesthesiology 79(3A):A297, 1993.
80. Morris, W.P., Allen, S.J., Tonnesen, A., Bricker, M. and Butler, B.D.: Embolies gazeuses veineuses continues (EGVC) suivant un barotrauma (BT) avec pneusonediastin (PNM). Réamination Urgences 2:665, 1994.
81. Bricker, M., Morris, W.P., Allen, S., Tonnesen, A. and Butler, B.D.: Pulmonary barotrauma and venous gas embolism: a retrospective study. Crit. Care Med. 22:A85, 1994.
82. Powell, M.R., Waligora, J., Norfleet, W., Butler, B.D. and Robinson, R.: Modifications of physiological processes concerning EVA in microgravity. 24th Int. Cong. Environ Sys., Freidichshafen Germany.1994.
83. Butler, B.D. and Little, T.: Effects of venous air embolism and decompression on thromboxane and leukotriene levels in dogs. Undersea and Hyp. Med. 215:21-22, 1994.
84. Robinson R.R., Doursout, M.F., Powell M.R., Little, T. and Butler, B.D. Cardio-pulmonary effects under conditions of simulated microgravity and decompression in the rat. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 65:469, 1994.
85. Butler, B.D.: Experimental animal studies in altitude decompression: overview. Proceed. 65th Aerospace Med. Soc., San Antonio, TX. A63, 1994.
86. Butler, B.D., Allen, S.J., Mehlhorn, U., Katz, J. and Morris, W.P.: Evaluation of venous air embolism in various body positions using transesophageal echocardiography. Am. J. Resp. Crit. Care Med. 149:A933, 1994.
87. Mehlhorn, U., Burke, E.J., Butler, B.D., Davis, K.L., Katz, J., Melamed, E., Morris, W.P. and Allen, S.J.: Body position does not affect the hemodynamic response to venous air embolism in dogs. Am. J. Resp. Crit. Care Med. 149:A1060, 1994.
88. Butler, B.D., Mehlhorn, U., Katz, J., Morris, W.P. and Allen, S.J.: Effect of body position on outcome of venous air embolism: transesophageal echocardiographic and hemodynamic assessment. European J. Emer. Med. 7:45, 1994.
89. Morris, W., Allen, S., Tonnesen, A. and Butler, B.: Descending aorta output measured from the left pleural space using a biplane ultrasound probe. Comparison with Doppler flowmeter aortic output and thermodilution cardiac output in dogs. European J. Emer. 7:41, 1994.
90. Sutton, T., Swaby, G., Saur, S., Powell, M., Butler, B.D. and Fife, C.E.: Adaptation of a hyperbaric oxygen therapy chamber for human hypobaric studies. Undersea and Hyperbaric Med. 215:45, 1994.
91. Berry, J.M., Doursout, M-F. and Butler, B.D.: Regional hemodynamic effects of hyperbaric hyperoxia in the awake dog. Anesthesiology 81:A720, 1994.
92. McKinley, B.A., Morris, W.P., Behrends, M., Parmley, C.L. and Butler, B.D.: Intracranial chemical monitoring of brian injury in dogs. Crit. Care Med. 23:A247, 1995.
93. Love, T., Fife, C., Sutton, Benoit, D. and Butler, B.D.: Arterial gas embolism following decompression with no evident of a patent foramen ovale. Undersea and Hyperbaric Med. 22;sup:59, 1995.
94. Uguccioni, D.M., Vann, R.D., Smith, L.R., Butler, B.D., Roye, D.D. and Roer, R.D.: Effect of safety stops on venous gas emboli after no-stop diving. Undersea and Hyperbaric Med. 22;sup:38 39, 1995.
95. Butler, B.D., Powell, M. and Little, T.: Dose response levels of 11-dehydro thromboxane B2 (TxB2) and leukotriene E4 (LTE4) with venous air embolism. Undersea and Hyperbaric Med. 22;sup:40, 1995.
96. Butler, B.D., Fife, C., Sutton, T., Pogodsky, M. and Chen, P.: Portal vein gas after decompression: Case report. Undersea and Hyperbaric Med. 22;sup:61-62, 1995.
97. Rittger, K., Seay, T., Butler, B., Robbins, R. and Powers, W.E.: Telemedicine and emergency intubation. 2nd Advanced Technology Applications for Combat Casualty Care Conf. Silver Spring, MD. May, 1995.
98. McKinley, B.A., Parmley, C.L. and Butler, B.D.: Tissue PO2, PCO2 and pH in hemorrhagic shock in dogs. FASEB J. 10:A597, 1996.
99. Butler, B.D., Geissler, H.J., Allen, S.J., Morris, W.P. and Mehlhorn, U.: Massive venous air embolism: effects of body position on right ventricular and left atrial dimensions. Undersea and Hyperbaric Med. 23;sup:62-63, 1996.
100. McKinley, B.A., Parmley, C.L., and Butler, B.D.: Tissue PO2, PCO2 and pH in hemorrhage and resuscitation in dogs,. Crit. Care Med. 25:A128, 1997.
101. Chen, P., Butler, B.D., et al.: Decompression-induced ultrasound detection. Am. Instit. Ultrasound in Med. Proceed. Ann. Mtg., 1996.
102. Butler, B.D., Geissler, H.J., Mehlhorn, U., Allen, S., and Kurusz, M.: Cooling gradients and gas emboli production with cardiopulmonary bypass: transesophageal echocardiography study in dogs. Perfusion 12:38, 1997.
103. McKinley, B.A., Parmley, C.L., and Butler, B.D.: Skeletal muscle PO2, PCO2, and pH in hemorrhagic shock in dogs. 9th European Congress on Intensive Care Med., Glasgow, UK. Intensive Care Med. 22(suppl.):S364, 1996.
104. Butler, B.D., Little, T., Powell, M., and Robinson R.R.: Biomedical studies relating to decompression stress with simulated EVA: Overview. NASA: 12th Man in Space Symposium, Washington DC, 1997.
105. Geissler, H.J., Mehlhorn U., deVivie E.R., Allen, S.J., Davis, K.L., Kurusz, M., and Butler, B.D.: Cooling gradients and gas emboli formation with cardiopulmonary bypass: an echocardiographic study in dogs. Am. J. Resp. Crit. Care Med. 155:A146, 1997.
106. Geissler, H.J., Allen, S.J., Mehlhorn U., Davis, K.L., Morris, W.P., and Butler, B.D.: Body repositioning following venous air embolism: a TEE study. Am. J. Resp. Crit. Care Med. 155:A111, 1997.
107. Little, T., and Butler, B.D.: Effect of dibutyryl cAMP (DbcAMP) on thromboxane B2 (TxB2), 11 dehydro TxB2 and leukotriene E4 (LKE4) production in decompression sickness (DCS). Undersea and Hyperbaric Med. 24(suppl.):26, 1997.
108. McKinley, B.A., Parmley, C.L., and Butler, B.D.: Monitoring of tissue Po2, PCO2 and pH in hemorrhagic shock in dogs. Twentieth Conference on Shock. Indiana Wells, CA. Shock 7(Suppl.):125, 1997.
109. McKinley, B.A., Parmley, C.L., Butler, B.D., and Clifton, G.L.: Brain parenchyma PO2, PCO2 and pH following traumatic brain injury. Proceed. 10th Int. Symp. on Intracranial Pressure and Neuromonitoring in Brain Injury. Williamsburg, VA, May 1997.
110. Magari, P.J., Kline-Schoder, R., Stoedefalke, B., and Butler, B.D.: A non-invasive, in-vivo bubble sizing instrument. IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium, Toronto, 1997.
111. Butler, B.D., Little, T., and Smolensky, M.: Circadian rhythm influences on decompression outcome in rats. International Congress on Chronobiology, Paris, 61:1997.
112. McKinley, B.A., Parmley, C.L., Little, T., and Butler, B.D.: Comparison of canine skeletal muscle PO2, PCO2, and pH, with systemic variables in hemorrhagic shock. Crit. Care Med. Suppl. 26:A77, 1998.
113. Kulikovsky, M., McAdory, A., Berkowicz, L., Suttle, K., Warriner, R., Butler, B. and Fife, C.: Lymph-edema in a chamber attendent resulting from decompression sickness. Proceed. Gulf Coast Chapter, Undersea and Hyperbaric Medicine, 1998.
114. Beltran, E., Casale, D., Williford, D., Sutton, T., Smith, L., Berkowicz, L., Fife, C., and Butler, B.D.: Decompression sickness (DCS) in space: oxygen prebreathe reduction studies. Proceed. Gulf Coast Chapter, Undersea and Hyperbaric Medicine, 1998.
115. Butler, B.D., Little, T., Smolensky, M., and Sothern, B.: Effects of circadian rhythms on decompression outcome. Undersea and Hyperbaric Med. 25:21S, 1998.
116. McKinley, B.A., Moore, F.A., Little, T., and Butler, B.D.: Tissue pH, PCO2 and PO2 during shock and resuscitation: crystalloid (lactated ringer’s) versus blood. Int. Care Med.1998.
117. Butler, B.D., and Little, T.: Role of inflammatory response in experimental decompression sickness. Proceed. NASA 1st Biennial Space Biomed. Investigators’ Workshop, Houston, TX, 116-119, 1999.
118. Butler, B.D., Little, T., Doursout, M-F.: Experimental decompression sickness: Role of inflammatory mediators. FASEB J. 13:A407, 1999.
119. Butler, B.D., Doursout, M-F., and Little, T.: Plasma nitric oxide (NO) levels with venous air embolism and decompression. Undersea and Hyperbaric Med. 265:58, 1999.
120. Butler, B.D., Little, T., Sothern R.B., and Smolensky, M.H.: Decompression sickness (DCS): circadian rhythm-dependent aspects of inflammatory response. Chronobiology Int. 16:S1:18, 1999.
121. Butler, B.D., Little, T., Sothern, R.B., and Smolensky, M.H.: Decompression sickness (DCS) study: circadian rhythm baselines of inflammatory-associated variables. Chronobiology Int. 16:S1:19, 1999
122. Williford, D., Casale, D., Sutton, T., Beltran, E., Smith, L., Fife, C., and Butler, B.D.: Breathing oxygen scavenge system in a venturi vacuum operated hypobaric chamber. Undersea Hyperbaric Med. 265:11, 1999.
123. Butler, B.D., and Little, T.: Inflammatory response to decompression stress: pharmacological intervention. Undersea Hyperbaric Med. 27:519, 2000.
124. Butler, B.D., Vann, R.D., Nishi, R.Y., Gerth, W.A., Beltran, E., Fife, C.E., Conkin, J., Schneider, S., and Loftin, K.C., Sullivan, P.A., Acock, K., Foster, P.P., Dervay, J., Waligora, J., Powell, M.R., and Gernhardt, M.L.: Human trials of a 2-hour prebreathe protocol for extravehicular activity. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 71:278, 2000.
125. Gernhardt, M.L., Conkin, J., Foster, P.P., Pilmanin, A.A., Butler, B.D., Fife, C.E., Vann, R.D., Gerth, W.A., Loftin, K.C., Dervay, J.P., Waligora, J.M., and Powell, M.R.: Design of a 2-hour prebreathe protocol for space walks from the International Space Station. Aviat. Space Environ Med. 71:277, 2000.
126. Butler, B.D., Little, T., Smolensky, M.H., and Sothern, R.B.: Chronobiology of experimental decompression sickness. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 71:344, 2000.
127. Conkin, J., Gernhardt, M.L., Foster, P.P., Pilmanis, A.A., Butler, B.D., Beltran, E., Fife, C.E., Kann, R.D., Gerth, W.A. Loftin, K.C., Acock, K., Dervay, J.P., Waligora, J.M., Powell, M.R., Feiverson, A.H., Nishi, R.Y., Sullivan, P.A., and Schneider, S.M.: Relationship of exercise, age, and gender on decompression sickness and venous gas emboli during 2-hour oxygen prebreathe prior to hypobaric exposure. Undersea Hyperbaric Med. 27:S12, 2000.
128. Gernhardt, M.L., Conkin, J., Foster, P.P., Pilmanis, A.A., Butler, B.D., Beltran, E., Fife, C.E., Vann, R.D., Gerth, W.A., Loftin, K.C., Acock, K., Dervay, J.P., Waligora, J.M., Powell, M.R. Feiveson, A.H., Nish, R.Y., Sullivan, P.A., and Schneider, S.M.: Design and testing of a 2-hour oxygen prebrathe protocol for space walks from the International Space Station. Undersea and Hyperbaric Med. 27:S12, 2000.
129. Butler, B.D., M. Smolensky, R.B. Sothern, T. little. Experimental Decompression Sickness:Inflammatory Response, Circadian Rhythmicity, Pharmacological Intervention. NASA Bioastronautics Workshop Proceeding, Galveston TX, July 2001.
130. R.D. Vann, W.A. Gerth, M.J. Natoli, W. Pollock, B.D. Butler, et al. Design, trials, and contingency plans for extravehicular activity from the International Space Station. NASA Bioastronautics Workshop Proceeding, Galveston TX, July 2001.
131. Little, T., Butler, B.D. Pharmacological Intervention in decompression sickness:time of day effects. Aviat. Space Environ Med. 2001.
132. Pollock, N.W., Butler, B.D., Vann, R.D., Natoli, M.J., Williford, D., Risdall, J. Oxygen consumption during prebreathe is inversely correlated with DCS incidence in NASA prebreathe reduction program protocols. Undersea and Hyperbaric Med. 28:21-22, Supp. 2001.
133. Fife, C., Risdall, J., Maus, E., Smith, L., Westney, O., Posey, K., Sutton, T., Velez, S., Butler, B. Isolated areflexic bladder after DCI in a commercial diver. Undersea and Hyperbaric Med. 28:48, Supp. 2001.
134. Butler, B.D., Little, T., Fife, C., Williford, D., Thom, S.R., Martin, J. Hyperbaric oxygen prebreathe (HBOP) effects on decompression sickness outcome. Undersea and Hyperbaric Med. 28:46, Supp. 2001.
135. Risdall, J.E. Fife, C., Williford, D., Gernhardt, M., Butler, B. Blood lactate levels during EVA pre-breathe exercise protocols. Aviat Space Environ Med 73: 304, 2002.
136. Butler, B.D., Little, T., Powell, M.P. Hyperbaric oxygen prebreathe (HBOP) + leukotriene inhibition: adjunctive therapy for decompression sickness (DCS). Undersea and Hyperbaric Med. 30:2003.
137. Kurusz, M., Butler, B.D. Bubbles and Bypass: What’s New, What’s Relevant? In: Therapeutic Filtration and Extracorporeal Circulation, Hammersmith Hosp. Proceedings, London UK, 2003.
138. Butler, B.D., T. Little: Inflammatory responses to decompression sickness (DCS): combined therapies. Undersea and Hyperbaric Med. (2004).
139. Butler, B.D., T. Little: Decompression Sickness (DCS): Experimental Preventative Therapies. Undersea and Hyperbaric Med. 32:230, 2005.
140. Butler, B.D., T. Little: Decompression Sickness (DCS): Experimental Preventative Therapies. Undersea and Hyperbaric Med. 32:230, 2005.
   
REFEREED ORIGINAL ARTICLES IN JOURNALS
 1. Blankenship, J.E., Feinstein, R. and Butler, B.D.: The influence of increased nitrogen tensions on properties of identified neurons in Aplysia, California. Underwater Physiology VI, edited by C.W. Shilling and M.W. Beckett. FASEB, Bethesda, pp. 61-67, 1978.
 2. Hills, B.A. and Butler, B.D.: The kangaroo rat as a model for Type I decompression sickness. Undersea Biomed. Res. 5:309-321, 1978.
 3. Butler, B.D. and Hills, B.A.: The lung as a filter for microbubbles. J. Appl. Physiol. 47:537-543, 1979.
 4. Hills, B.A. and Butler, B.D.: Migration of lung surfactant to pulmonary air emboli. Underwater Physiology VII, edited by A.J. Bachrach and M.M. Matzen. Undersea Med. Soc., Bethesda, pp. 741-751, 1981.
 5. Butler, B.D. and Hills, B.A.: Effect of excessive oxygen upon the capability of the lungs to filter gas emboli. Underwater Physiology VII, edited by A.J. Bachrach and M.M. Matzen. Undersea Med. Soc., Bethesda, pp. 95-102, 1981.
 6. Hills, B.A. and Butler, B.D.: A method of producing microbubbles for air embolism studies. J. Appl. Physiol. 51:524-528, 1981.
 7. Hills, B.A. and Butler, B.D.: Size distribution of intravascular air emboli produced by decompression. Undersea Biomed. Res. 8:163-170, 1981.
 8. Hills, B.A., Butler, B.D. and Barrow, R.E.: Boundary lubrication imparted by pleural surfactants and their identification. J. Appl. Physiol. 53:463-469, 1982.
 9. Hills, B.A., Butler, B.D. and Lichtenberger, L.M.: Gastric mucosal barrier: the hydrophobic lining to the lumen of the stomach. Amer. J. Physiol.: GI & Liver Physiol. 244:G561-G568, 1983.
10. Butler, B.D. and Hills, B.A.: Role of lung surfactant in cerebral decompression sickness. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 54:11-15, 1983.
11. Lichtenberger, L.M., Graziani, L., Dial, E., Butler, B.D. and Hills, B.A.: Role of surface active phospholipids in gastric cytoprotection. Science 219:1327-1329, 1983.
12. Butler, B.D., Lichtenberger, L.M. and Hills, B.A.: Distribution of surfactants in the canine GI tract and their ability to lubricate. Amer. J. Physiol.: GI & Liver Physiol. 244:G645-G561, 1983.
13. Gabel, J.C., Butler, B.D., Scott, R.L. and Drake, R.E.: Pulmonary microvascular permeability after coronary artery ligation in dogs. J. Appl. Physiol. 55:866-869, 1983.
14. Butler, B.D.: Gaseous microemboli: concepts and considerations. J. Extra-Corp. Tech. 15:148-155, 1983.
15. Bryan-Brown, C., Butler, B.D. and Hills, B.A.: Air embolism: its sources, etiology and prevention. Technology Assessment Report 5-83, Washington: AAMI, 57-60, 1983.
16. Hills, B.A. and Butler, B.D.: Surfactants identified in synovial fluid and their ability to act as boundary lubricants. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 43:641-648, 1984.
17. Butler, B.D. and Kurusz, M.: Physical phenomena of gaseous microemboli. Proc. CECEC Congress, Paris, p. 24, 1984.
18. Butler, B.D. and Kurusz, M.: Gaseous microemboli during cardiopulmonary bypass. Cahiers du CECEC 22:21-23, 1984.
19. Kurusz, M. and Butler, B.D.: Problems relating to gaseous microemboli and the use of nitrogen with bubble oxygenators. J. Extra-Corp. Tech. 16:113-114, 1984.
20. Butler, B.D.: Biophysical aspects of gas bubbles in blood. Med. Instr. 19:59-62, 1985.
21. Butler, B.D. and Kurusz, M.: Gaseous microembolism: sources and controversies. Med. Instr. 19:52, 1985.
22. Butler, B.D. and Hills, B.A.: Transpulmonary passage of venous air emboli. J. Appl. Physiol. 59:543-547, 1985.
23. Hills, B.A., Butler, B.D. and Drake, R.E.: Surfactants identified in lung lymph and their ability to act as abhesives. J. Appl. Physiol. 58:514-520, 1985.
24. Kurusz, M., Speer, D., Conti, V.R. and Butler, B.D.: Surface tension changes of perfusates: implications for gaseous microemboli during cardiopulmonary bypass. J. Extra-Corp. Tech. 17:138-142, 1985.
25. Hills, B.A. and Butler, B.D.: Surfactants on the pericardium impart boundary lubrication: a possible adjuvant to cardiac motion. Ann. Biomed. Eng. 13:573-586, 1985.
26. Butler, B.D.: Production of microbubbles for use as echo contrast agents. J. Clin. Ultrasound 14:408-412, 1986.
27. Butler, B.D., Drake, R.E. and Hills, B.A.: Effect of bronchial blood flow on pulmonary artery wedge pressure with pulmonary embolism. Crit. Care Med. 14:495-498, 1986.
28. Butler, B.D., Kurusz, M. and Conti, V.R.: Post bypass plasma surface tension and its role in bubble filtration. Perfusion 1:187-191, 1986.
29. Leiman, B.C., Katz, J., Stanley, T.H. and Butler, B.D.: Removal of artificial tracheal secretions in anesthetized dogs: balloon catheters versus suction. Anesth. Analg. 66:529-532, 1987.
30. Leiman, B.C., Katz, J. and Butler, B.D.: Mechanisms of succinylcholine-induced arrhythmias in hypoxic or hypoxic:hypercarbic dogs. Anesth. Analg. 66:1292-1297, 1987.
31. Butler, B.D., Leiman, B.C. and Katz, J.: Arterial air embolism of venous origin in dogs: effect of nitrous oxide in combination with halothane and pentobarbitone. Can. J. Anaesth. 34:570-575, 1987.
32. Leiman, B.C., Katz, J., Salzarulo, H., Warters, R.D. and Butler, B.D.: A comparison of different methods of lubricating glass syringes used for identifying the epidural space. Anaesthesia 43:397-398, 1988.
33. Katz, J., Leiman, B.C. and Butler, B.D.: Effects of inhalation anaesthetics on pulmonary vascular filtration of venous gas emboli. Brit. J. Anaes. 61:200-205, 1988.
34. Butler, B.D.: Production of microbubbles for use as echo contrast agents. In: The Year Book of Diagnostic Radiology. Brag, D.G. et al (ed.). Chicago, Year Book Medical Publishers, 1988, pp. 485-486.
35. Butler, B.D., Laine, G.A., Leiman, B.C., Warters, D., Kurusz, M., Sutton, T. and Katz, J.: Effect of the Trendelenburg position on the distribution of arterial air emboli in dogs. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 45:198-202, 1988.
36. Butler, B.D. and Katz, J.: Vascular pressures and passage of gas emboli through the pulmonary circulation. Undersea Biomed. Res. 15:203-209, 1988.
37. Butler, B.D., Luehr, S. and Katz, J.: Venous gas embolism: time course of residual pulmonary intravascular bubbles. Undersea Biomed. Res. 16:21-29, 1989.
38. Butler, B.D., Conkin, J. and Luehr, S.: Pulmonary hemodynamics, extravascular lung water and residual gas bubbles following low dose venous gas embolism in dogs. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 60:1178-1182, 1989.
39. Butler, B.D., Davies, I. and Drake, R.E.: Effect of lysophosphatidylcholine on the filtration coefficient in intact dog lungs. Amer. J. Physiol.: Heart Circ. Physiol. 26:H1466-H1470, 1989.
40. Butler, B.D., Drake, R.E., Sneider, W.D., Allen, S.J. and Gabel, J.C.: Changes in microvascular permeability with acceleration of edema in dog lungs. Amer. J. Physiol.: Heart Circ. Physiol. 27:H395-H399, 1990.
41. Butler, B.D. and Kurusz, M.: Gaseous microemboli: a review. Perfusion 5:81-99, 1990.
42. Butler, B.D., Warters, R.D., Elk, J.R., Davies, I. and Abouleish, E.: Loss of resistance technique for locating the epidural space: evaluation of glass and plastic syringes. Can. J. Anaesth. 37:438-439, 1990.
43. Palanzo, D.A., Kurusz, M. and Butler, B.D.: Surface tension effects of heparin coating on arterial line filters. Perfusion 5:277-284, 1990.
44. Narayana, P.A., Kudrle, W.A., Liu, S-J., Charnov, J.H., Butler, B.D. and Harris, J.H.: Magnetic resonance imaging of hyperbaric oxygen treated rats with spinal cord injury: preliminary studies. Magn. Reson. Imaging 9:423-428, 1991.
45. Butler, B.D., Robinson, R., Fife, C. and Sutton, T.: Doppler detection of decompression bubbles with computer assisted digitization of ultrasonic signals. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 62:997-1004, 1991.
46. Butler, B.D.: The basic physiology of microemboli. Pathophysiology and Techniques of Cardiopulmonary Bypass XII Symposium, 149-153, 1992.
47. Morris, W.P., Butler, B.D., Tonnesen, A.S. and Allen, S.J.:Continuous venous air embolism in patients receiving positive end-expiratory pressure. Amer. Rev. Res. Dis. 147:1034-1037, 1993.
48. Larson, S.R., Sutton, T., Koch, S. and Butler, B.D.: Use of a disposable carbon dioxide detector with emergency intubation in a hyperbaric chamber. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 64:1133-1134, 1993.
49. Butler, B.D. and Kemper, G.B.: Cardiac pressure changes with venous gas embolism and decompression. U.S. Air Force Tech. Report. Air Force Material Command Armstrong Laboratory, Brooks Air Force Base, TX. AL/AO-TR-0176;1-24, 1994.
50. Bricker, M.B., Morris, W.P., Allen, S.J., Tonnesen A.S. and Butler, B.D.: Venous air embolism in patients with pulmonary barotrauma. Crit. Care Med. 22:1692-1698, 1994.
51. Mehlhorn, U., Burke, E.J., Butler, B.D., Davis, K.L., Katz, J., Melamed, E., Morris, W.P. and Allen, S.J.: Body position does not affect the hemodynamic response to venous air embolism in dogs. Anesth. Analg. 79:734-739, 1994.
52. Powell, M., Norfleet W., Waligora, J., Kumar, K.V., Robinson, R. and Butler, B.D.: Modifications of physiological processes concerning extravehicular activity in microgravity. 24th Int. Conf. on Environ. Sys./5th Eur. Symp. on Space Environ. Con. Sys., SAE Tech. Paper Ser. 9413334,SAE Int, 1994.
53. Powell, M.R., Norfleet, W.T., Kumar, K.V. and Butler, B.D.: Patent foramen ovale and hypobaric decompression. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 66:273-275, 1995.
54. Butler, B.D., Robinson, R., Sutton, T. and Kemper, G.B.: Cardiovascular pressures with venous gas embolism and decompression. Aviat. Space and Environ. Med., 66:408-414, 1995.
55. Butler, B.D. and Morris, W.P.: Transesophageal echocardiography study of decompression-induced venous gas emboli. Undersea and Hyperbaric Med. 22:117-128, 1995.
56. Butler, B.D., Little, T. and Drtil, S.: Combined use of the esophageal-tracheal combitube with a colorimetric carbon dioxide detector for emergency intubation/ventilation. J. Clin. Monit. 11:311-316, 1995.
57. Butler, B.D., Fife, C., Sutton, T., Pogodsky, M. and Chen, P.: Hepatic portal vein gas with hyperbaric decompression: ultrasonic identification. J. Ultrasound in Med. 14:967-970, 1995.
58. Morris, W.P., Allen, S.J., Tonnesen, A.S. and Butler, B.D.: Transesophageal echocardiographic study of venous air embolism following pneumomediastinum in dogs. Intensive Care Med. 21:790-796, 1995.
59. Kurusz, M., Butler, B.D., Katz, J. and Conti, V.R.: Air embolism during cardiopulmonary bypass. Perfusion 10:361-391, 1995.
60. Harvey, W.R., Lee, C.J., Koch, S.M. and Butler, B.D.: Delayed presentation of cerebral arterial gas embolism, following proven intraoperative venous air embolism. J. Neurosurg. Anesth.8:26-29, 1996.
61. Butler, B.D., Robinson, R., Little, T., Chelly, J.E. and Doursout, M-F.: Cardio-pulmonary changes with moderate decompression in rats. Undersea and Hyperbaric Med. 23:83-89, 1996..
62. Robinson, R., Doursout, M-F., Chelly, J.E., Powell, M.R., Little, T., and Butler, B.D.: Cardiovascular deconditioning and venous air embolism in simulated microgravity in the rat. Aviat., Space Environ. Med. 67:835-840, 1996.
63. McKinley, B.D., Morris W.P., Parmley, C.L., and Butler, B.D.: Brain parenchyma PO2, PCO2 and pH during and following hypoxic ischemic brain insult in dogs. Crit. Care Med. 24:1858-1868, 1996.
64. Geissler, H.J., Allen, S.J., Mehlhorn, U., Davis, K.L., Morris, W.P., and Butler, B.D.: The effect of body repositioning following venous air embolism: an echocardiographic study. Anesthesiology 86:710-717, 1997.
65. Geissler, H.J., Allen, S.J., Mehlhorn, U., Davis, K.L., deVivie E.R., Kurusz, M., and Butler, B.D.: Cooling gradients and formation of gas microemboli with cardiopulmoary bypass: an echocardiographic study. Annals Thoracic Surg. 64:100-104, 1997.
66. Little, T., and Butler, B.D.: Dibutyryl cAMP effects on thromboxane and leukotriene production in decompression-induced lung injury. Undersea and Hyperbaric Med. 24:185-191, 1997.
67. Robinson, R., Swaby, G., Sutton, T., Fife, C., Powell, M., and Butler, B.D.: Venturi vaccum system for hypobaric chamber operations: Technical Report. Aviation, Space Environ. Med. 68:1046-1049, 1997.
68. Magari, P.J., Kline-Schoder, R.J., Stoedefalke, B.H., and Butler, B.D.: A non-invasive, in vivo, bubble sizing instrument. Proceedings IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium, 1997, Ontario Canada. VZ 97CH36118, pp. 1205-1210, 1997.
69. Butler, B.D., Little, T., and Smolensky, M.: Circadian rhythm influences on decompression outcome in rats. In: Biological Clocks Mechanisms and Application, edited by Y. Tovitov. Excerpta Medica International Congress Series (ICS 1152). Elsevier Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 1998, pp. 541-544.
70. McKinley, B.A., Parmley, C.L., and Butler, B.D.: Skeletal muscle PO2, PCO2 and pH in hemorrhage and resuscitation in dogs. J. Trauma 44:119-127, 1998.
71. Berry, J.M., Doursout, M-F., and Butler, B.D.: Effects of hyperbaric hyperoxia on cardiac and regional hemodynamics in conscious dogs. Aviat., Space, Environ. Med. 69:761-765, 1998.
72. McKinley, B.A., and Butler, B.D.: Comparison of skeletal muscle PO2, PCO2 and pH with gastric tonometric PCO2 and pH in hemorrhagic shock. Crit. Care Med. 27:1869-1877, 1999
73. Butler, B.D., and Kurusz, M.: Commentary: Arterial line air with vacuum assisted venous drainage. Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 68:1289, 1999.
74. Dervay, J.P., Powell, M.R., Butler, B.D., Fife, C.E. The effect of exercise and rest duration on the generation of venous gas bubbles at altitude. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 73:22-27, 2002.
75. Williford, D., Casale, D., Sutton, T., Swaby, G., Beltran, E., Butler, B.D. Breathing oxygen scavenger system in a venturi vacuum operated hypobaric chamber. Aviat., Space, Environ. Med. (in press).
76. Foster P.P., Boriek, A.M., Butler, B.D., Gernhardt, M.L., Bove, A.A.. Patent foramen ovale and paradoxical systemic embolism: an annotated bibliography. Aviat. Space Environ. Med74: Section II, Supl, B1-B64, 2003.
77. Kurusz, M. Butler, B.D., Bubbles and bypass: an update. Perfusion 19:S49-S55, 2004.
78. Butler, BD, Little T, Cogan V, Powell M., Hyperbaric oxygen pre-breathe (HBOP) modifies the outcome of decompression sickness. Undersea and Hyperbaric Medicine (in press)
 
CHAPTERS  
1. Butler, B.D. and Hills, B.A.: Photodetector for intravascular bubbles. In: Physical Methods of Bubble Detection in Blood and Tissues. Shilling, C.W. and Werts, M.F. (ed). Undersea Med. Soc., Bethesda, MD, 5, 1977.
2. Butler, B.D.: Cardiopulmonary effects of decompression bubbles: Physiology of bubbles in the pulmonary and systemic circulation. USAF Special Report: Hypobaric Decompression Sickness, edited by A.A. Pilmanis. Air Force Systems Command Brooks Air Force Base, Texas, pp. 53-82, 1992.
3. Kurusz, M. and Butler, B.: Embolic events and cardiopulmonary bypass. Principles and Practice of Cardiopulmonary Bypass, edited by G.P. Gravlee, R.F. Davis and J. Utley. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, pp. 267-290, 1993.
4. Butler, B.D. and Powell, M.R.: Arterial gas emboli with hyperbaric and hypobaric decompression. Cerebral Embolus Detection, edited by D. Russell and C.H. Tegeler, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1994. In Press.
5. Butler, B.D.: Respiratory system. Anesthesia: A Comprehensive Study Guide edited by J. Katz. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1996.
6. Butler, B.D., and Kurusz, M.: Embolic events and cardiopulonary bypass. Principles and Practice of Cardiopulmonary Bypass, 2nd ed., edited by G.P. Gravlee, R.F. Davis and J. Utley. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore. 2000.
7. Norfleet, W.T., and Butler, B.D.: Decompression sickness and EVA. Gravity and the Lung: Lessons from Microgravity, edited by G. Kim Prisk, John B. West, Manvel Paiva. Marcel Deker Lung Biology Series. New York. 2002.
   
OTHER PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATIONS
Lectureships (Invited):
1980 Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA
1981 Naval Medical Research Institute, Bethesda, MD
1983 American Society of Extracorporeal Technology, Chicago, IL
1984 American Society of Extracorporeal Technology, Las Vegas, NV
1984 American Association of Medical Instrumentation. Symposium Chairman: Gaseous Microemboli, Washington, DC.
1984 IXth Convention, Cercle D'Etude de la Circulation Extra-corporelle, Paris, France. Session Chairman: Gaseous and Particulate Emboli in Surgery with Extracorporeal Circulation.
1987 Perfusion '87: Selected Topics in the Science and Technology of Cardiopulmonary Bypass, Chicago, IL.
1987 NASA: Space Life Sciences Symposium, Washington, DC.
1988 NASA: Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX
1989 Space Health Sciences Forum, UTHSC Decompression Physiology and Hyperbaric Therapy.
1989 University of Texas System, Austin, TX: Patenting Procedures.
1990 Texas Technology Transfer Assoc., San Antonio, TX: Patents.USAF, School of Aerospace Medicine, San Antonio, TX: Hypobaric Decompression.
1990 USAF, School of Aerospace Medicine, San Antonio, TX: Hypobaric Decompression.
1992 Cardiothoracic Research and Education Foundation Symposium, Pathophysiology and Techniques of Cardiopulmonary Bypass; Physiology of Microemboli.
1992 Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX: Pulmonary Embolism.
1993 University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX: Embolism Detection During Operative Procedures.
1993 NASA: Environmental Health Discipline Working Group, Galveston, TX: Physiology of Venous Bubbles.
1994 University of Texas-Houston Medial School, Physiology and Cell Biology: Decompression Illness and Venous Gas Embolism.
1994 NASA: Advanced EVA Working Group/TIM. Lunar and Planetary Institute: Experimental Studies with Decompression.
1994 NASA: Space Life Sciences Symposium, Houston, TX: a) Intravascular Gas Bubbles, Cellular and Pulmonary Reactions, b) Research and Education Panel.
1995 NASA, Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX: (SR. Science Managers) NASA/University Partnerships
1996 NASA Space Life Sciences Consortium: Decompression Sickness and Extravehicular Activity (EVA): Experimental Studies. Center for Advanced Space Studies, Houston, TX.
1997 NASA: EVA Prebreathe Reduction: 1) Bubble Monitoring; Biochemical Bubble Indicators, 2) In Vivo Tissue Gas Phase Monitoring Detection Limits. Center for Advanced Space Studies, Houston, TX.
1997 1997 Technology Management Council. University of Texas, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX.
1997 Armstrong Laboratory, Brooks Air Force Base, TX. EVA Decompression: ECHO and Bioactive Mediator Studies.
1998 Decompression Illness: Mechanism of Disease I. Precourse, Undersea and Hyperbaric Medicine; “Arterialization of Venous Bubbles: The Lung as a
Bubble Filter”, Seattle, WA.
1999 Role of Inflammatory Mediators in Experimental Decompression Sickness. NASA Biennial Space Biomedical Investigators’Workshop. NASA-JSC, Houston, TX.
1999 Circadian Time Structure and Decompression Sickness. Armstrong Laboratory, Brooks, Air Force Base, TX.
1999 Decompression Illness: Inflammation and Circadian Rhythm Dependencies. Joint Meeting of the Eight International Conference of Chronopharmacology and Chronotherapeutics, and the American Association for Medical Chronobiology and Chronotherapeutics, Williamsburg, VA.
2000 Basics of Intellectual Property: Faculty Inventor’s Perspective of Patents and Technology Transfer. Houston Conference on Biomedical Engineering Research, Houston, TX
2000 USHUS Review of DCS Risk and PFO. Ctr. For Advanced Space Studies, NASA, Houston, TX
2001 NASA Bioastronautics Investigator’s Workshop, Experimental Decompression Sickness: Inflammatory Response, Circadian Rhythmicity, Pharmacological Intervention, Galveston, TX
2001 Intellectual Properties and Patents, Department of Surgery, Grand Rounds, University of Texas Medical School, Houston, TX
2002 Tenth Symposium on Underwater and Hyperbaric Physiology, “Oxygen 2002”, La Jolla, CA, July 2002. “Oxygen in DCS Prevention”
2002 Medicine in the 21st Century, Second Sino-US Symposium, Shanghai, China, “Technology Licensing From a Modern Health Science Center”, Business Forum and General Session
2002 Center for Houston’ Future Leadership Forum, Woodlands TX
2002 NASA Bioastronautics Investigator’s Workshop, Circadian rhythm influences on drug actions in experimental decompression sickness (DCS), Galveston, TX
2004 ONR/NAVSEA/BUMED, U.S. Navy Combined Undersea Medicine Research, “Decompression Sickness as an Inflammatory Disease.” Program, Baltimore MD
2004 “Technology Transfer”, 3rd Annual Rice University Biotechnology and Healthcare Symposium, Jones Graduate School of Management, Houston, TX
2004 “Technology Transfer”, Baker Institute for International Affair, Rice University, Houston, TX
2004 “Patents and Intellectual Property”, UT-TORCH Core Seminar
Series, UTHSC-H Dental Branch, Houston, TX