Stimulation of muscle glucose disposal by insulin in man is a function of the preexisting plasma insulin concentration. Vogt, Christoph, and Alexander S. Petrides. Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine University of D[umlaut]usseldorf, 40225 D[umlaut]usseldorf, Germany, and Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, The University of Tennessee, Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, 38163
APStracts 2:0012E, 1995.
To examine whether tissue sensitivity to insulin is dependent upon the prevailing plasma insulin concentration, the ability of acute hyperinsulinemia to stimulate glucose disposal was investigated in six normal subjects before and after prolonged reduction of the plasma insulin concentration. Glucose turnover ([6,6-2H2]-glucose), whole body glucose oxidation and non-oxidative glucose disposal (indirect calorimetry), and glycogen synthase activity in muscle were determined in the postabsorptive and in the insulin-stimulated state (euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp: 3 mU/kg/min) before and after a 4 day subcutaneous infusion of the somatostatin analogue octreotide (200 [mu]g/24 h). Constant octreotide infusion a) decreased postabsorptive and meal-stimulated plasma insulin levels by 30-40% but did not significantly alter overall glucose tolerance, FFA, growth hormone and glucagon levels; b) was associated with significant increases in insulin -mediated whole body glucose disposal (predrug: 10.29+/-0.49 vs postdrug: 11.42+/-0.72 mg/kg/min, p<0.04), non-oxidative glucose disposal (6.82+/-0.57 vs 7.68+/-0.62, p<0.03) and fractional glycogen synthase activity (0.14+/-0.03 vs 0.20+/-0.04 mU/mg protein, p<0.02). In contrast, infusing saline instead of octreotide for 4 days to control subjects did not alter any of the metabolic parameters. We conclude that lowering the plasma insulin concentration over a prolonged period of time increases insulin sensitivity. The effects of insulin to stimulate whole body glucose utilization, non-oxidative glucose disposal and glycogen synthase activity in muscle are therefore functions of the preexisting plasma insulin concentration.

Received 31 October 1994; accepted in final form 19 January 1995.
APS Manuscript Number E445-4RC.
Article publication pending Am. J. Physiol. (Endocrinol. Metab.).
ISSN 1080-4757 Copyright 1995 The American Physiological Society.
Published in APStracts on 25 February 1995.