POSTURAL AND SYNERGIC CONTROL FOR THREE DIMENSIONAL MOVEMENTS OF REACHING AND GRASPING. Desmurget, Michel, Claude Prablanc, Yves Rossetti, Mohammad Arzi, Yves Paulignan, and Christian Urquizar. Vision et Motricit[acute]e, Institut National de la Sant[acute]e et de la Recherche M[acute]edicale Unit[acute]e 94, 69500 Bron. France.
APStracts 2:0159N, 1995.
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
1. A fundamental question about motor control is related to the nature of the representations used by the nervous system to program the movement. Theoretically, arm displacement can be encoded either in task (extrinsic) or in joint (intrinsic) space. 2. The present study investigated the organisation of complex movements consisting of reaching and grasping a cylindrical object presented along different orientations in space. In some trials object orientation was suddenly modified at movement onset. 3. At a static level, the final limb angles were highly predictable despite the wide range of possible postures allowed by articular redundancy. Moreover, when object orientation was unexpectedly modified at movement onset, the final angular configuration of the limb was identical to that obtained when the object was initially presented along the orientation reached after the perturbation. 4. At a dynamical level, a generalized synergy was observed, and tight correlations were noted between all joint angles implicated in the movement with the exception of elbow flexion. For this joint angle, which did not vary monotonically, strong partial correlation were however observed before and after movement reversal. 5. These results suggest that natural movements are mostly carried out in joint space by postural transitions.

Received 20 March 1995; accepted in final form 17 May 1995.
APS Manuscript Number J181-5.
Article publication pending J. Neurophysiol.
ISSN 1080-4757 Copyright 1995 The American Physiological Society.
Published in APStracts on 30 May 1995.