Fluid compartments in hemorrhaged rats after hyperosmotic
crystalloid and hyperoncotic colloid resuscitation.
Moon, Paula F., Michele A. Hollyfield-Gilbert, Tamara L. Myers, Tatsuo
Uchida, and George C. Kramer.
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine,
Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853; Department of
Anesthesiology and Physiology, Office of Biostatistics, University of
Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77550-2778
APStracts 2:0087F, 1995.
Post-resuscitation organ failure may be associated with detrimental
changes in body fluid compartments. We measured how shock and
resuscitation acutely alters the interstitial, cellular and plasma
compartments in different organs. Nephrectomized, anesthetized rats
were bled to 50 mm Hg mean arterial pressure for 1 hr, followed by 60
minute of resuscitation to restore blood pressure using 0.9% normal
saline (NS, n=10), 7.5% hypertonic saline (HS, n=8), 10% hyperoncotic
albumin (HA, n=8), or 7.5% hypertonic saline and 10% hyperoncotic
albumin (HSA, n=7). A 2 hr 51Cr-EDTA distribution space estimated
extracellular fluid volume (ECFV) and a 5-minute 125I-albumin
distribution space measured plasma volume (PV). Total tissue water
(TW) was measured from wet/dry weights; interstitial fluid volume
(ISFV) and cell water were calculated. NS resuscitation required 7
times more fluid (50.9 +/- 7.7 ml/kg vs 8.6 +/- 0.7 for HA, 5.9 +/-
0.4 for HS, and 3.9 +/- 0.5 for HSA) but there were no differences
between solutions in whole animal PV, ECFV, or ISFV. Fluid shifts
within tissues depended on resuscitation solution and type of tissue.
TW was significantly reduced by hypertonic saline groups in heart,
muscle, and liver (p < 0.05). ISFV was significantly reduced by
hyperoncotic albumin groups in the skin. In all tissues, mean cell
water in groups receiving hypertonic saline was smaller; this was
significant for heart, lung, muscle, and skin. In conclusion, 1)
hypertonic saline solutions mobilize fluid from cells while expanding
both PV and ISFV and 2) TW and cellular water increases with both
isotonic crystalloids and hyperoncotic colloids in many tissues.
Received 22 December 1994; accepted in final form 15 May 1995.
APS Manuscript Number F454-4.
Article publication pending Am. J. Physiol. (Renal Fluid Electrolyte
Physiology).
ISSN 1080-4757 Copyright 1995 The American Physiological Society.
Published in APStracts on 26 May 1995.