Molecular mechanisms for somatostatin inhibition of c-fos gene expression. Todisco, Andrea, Yoshiaki Takeuchi, Junko Yamada, Jun-Ichi Sadoshima, Tadataka Yamada. Departments of Internal Medicine and Physiology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
APStracts 3:0245G, 1996.
We reported previously that somatostatin inhibits the expression of the immediate early gene c-fos. Accordingly, we characterized the molecular mechanisms by which somatostatin inhibits c-fos gene expression. Since growth factors activate c-fos through a region of its promoter known as the SRE (bases -357 to -276) we transfected rat pituitary adenoma cells (GH3) with plasmids containing the SRE or the SRE core fragment (bases -320 to -298) upstream of the luciferase reporter gene. EGF stimulated SRE-luciferase activity and this effect was inhibited by somatostatin and by the analogue MK678. Identical results were obtained with the SRE core- plasmid,demonstrating that the sequence between bases -320 to -298 of the c-fos promoter is a somatostatin response element. Since the ERKs induce the SRE via phosphorylation of transcription factors such as Elk-1, we examined the effect of somatostatin on ERKs phosphorylation and activation. EGF stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of ERK2 and MK678 attenuated this effect. In experiments using in-gel kinase assays, MK678 also inhibited EGF stimulated ERKs activity via a pertussis toxin sensitive pathway and this effect resulted in inhibition of Elk-1 transcriptional activity. Our data suggest that one mechanism of somatostatin action involves inhibition of ERKs activity, Elk-1 phosphorylation and transcriptional activation and, ultimately, c-fos gene transcription.

Received 29 April 1996; accepted in final form 24 October 1996.
APS Manuscript Number G168-6.
Article publication pending Am. J. Physiol. (Gastrointest. Liver
Physiology).
ISSN 1080-4757 Copyright 1996 The American Physiological Society.
Published in APStracts on 31 December 1996