Acute cold stress induces suppressor macrophages in mice. Kizaki, Takako, Shuji Oh-Ishi, and Hideki Ohno. Department of Hygiene, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa 359, Japan
APStracts 3:0144A, 1996.
To elucidate mechanisms underlying acute cold stress induced immunosuppression, functions of murine peritoneal cells of monocyte/macrophage lineage from acute cold-stressed mice (exposed to 5 C for 24 h) were investigated. Proliferative responses of spleen cells from control mice (reared at 25 C) stimulated with Concanavalin A (Con A) were significantly suppressed by adding peritoneal exudate cells from mice immediately after acute cold stress. The proportion of adherent cells was markedly increased in the peritoneal exudate cells from acute cold-stressed mice. These adherent cells from acute cold-stressed mice were shown to be the cells responsible for the suppressor activity for Con A responses of control spleen cells. Non -adherent cells did not suppress the Con A responses. The adherent cells in peritoneal exudate cells from control mice also suppressed the Con A responses, the inhibitory effect being considerably lower than that from acute cold-stressed mice. Addition of a nitric oxide (NO) synthase substrate analogue, NG-monomethyl-L-arginine, to the mixed cell cultures of normal spleen cells and adherent cells from acute cold-stressed mice inhibited NO release and completely abolished the suppressive effect of the adherent cells, suggesting that reactive nitrogen oxide released from the activated macrophages is apparently involved in the down-regulation of proliferative responses of T cells. Thus, the present findings suggest that acute cold stress induces macrophages with suppressor function, and that this may contribute to the immune suppressive state seen in spleen cells from acute cold-stressed mice.

Received 28 December 1995; accepted in final form 14 February
1996.
APS Manuscript Number A1353-5.
Article publication pending Journal of Applied Physiology.
ISSN 1080-4757 Copyright 1996 The American Physiological Society.
Published in APStracts on 20 March 96