Cell proliferation contributes to pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia following acute airway injury. Stevens, Timothy P., John T. McBride, Janice L. Peake, Kent E. Pinkerton, Barry R. Stripp. Departments of Pediatrics and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester NY, USA, _Department of Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis California, USA
APStracts 3:0223L, 1996.
Pulmonary neuroendocrine cells (PNECs) are airway epithelial cells capable of secreting a variety of neuropeptides. PNECs are scattered throughout the bronchial tree either as individual cells or clusters of cells called neuroepithelial bodies (NEBs). PNECs and their secretory peptides have been considered to play a role in fetal lung development. Although the normal physiologic function of PNECs and neuropeptides in normal adult lungs and in repair from lung injury is not known, PNEC hyperplasia has been associated with chronic lung diseases such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia and with chronic exposures such as hypoxia, tobacco smoke, nitrosamines, and ozone. To evaluate changes in PNEC number and distribution following acute airway injury, FVB/n mice were treated with either naphthalene or vehicle. Naphthalene is an aromatic hydrocarbon which, at the dose used in this study, selectively destroys non-ciliated bronchial epithelial cells (Clara cells) through cytochrome P450 mediated metabolic activation into cytotoxic epoxides. PNECs were identified by immunohistochemical analysis of CGRP-like immunoreactivity (CGRP -IR). Proliferating cells were marked with 3H thymidine incorporation. Acute naphthalene toxicity results in PNEC hyperplasia detectable after 5 days recovery. PNEC hyperplasia is characterized by increased numbers of NEBs without significant changes in the number of isolated PNECs and by increased 3H thymidine labelling of CGRP-IR cells. These data show that cell proliferation contributes to PNEC hyperplasia following acute airway injury and suggest that PNECs may be capable of more rapidly increasing their number in response to injury than previously recognized.

Received 19 July 1996; accepted in final form 28 October 1996.
APS Manuscript Number L229-6.
Article publication pending Am. J. Physiol. (Lung Cell. Mol.
Physiology).
ISSN 1080-4757 Copyright 1996 The American Physiological Society.
Published in APStracts on 31 December 1996