Regulation of Gene Expression by Insulin.
O'Brien, Richard M., and Daryl K. Granner.
Dept. of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical
School, Nashville, TN
APStracts 2:0023P, 1996.
ABSTRACT
While insulin has long been known to modulate intracellular metabolism by
altering the activity or intracellular location of various enzymes, it is only
in the past 10 years that the regulation of gene expression by insulin has
been recognized as a major action of this hormone. This review principally
focuses on the regulation of gene transcription by insulin, although recent
progress in the understanding of insulin-regulted mRNA stability and
translation is also summarized. The identification of [i]cis[r]-acting
elements and associated [i]trans[r]-acting factors through which insulin
either increases or decreases the transcription of specific genes is reviewed
in detail. Recent advances in the understanding of the mechanisms of insulin
signaling are discussed in the context of insulin-regulated gene
transcription, and emphasis is placed on the gaps that remain between the
upstream signaling molecules and the downstream [i]trans[r]-acting factors
whose binding/transactivation potential is ultimately regulated. Finally,
potential gene expression defects that may contribute to the pathophysiology
of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and hypertriglyceridemia are
considered.
APS Manuscript Number P.
Article publication pending October 1996, Physiological Reviews.
ISSN 1080-4757 Copyright 1996 The American Physiological Society.
Published in APStracts on 25 July 1996