Depletion of linoleate induced by weight-cycling is independent of extent of calorie restriction. Chen, Zhen-Yu, Man-Mei Sea, Kwok-Yiu Kwan, Yan-Ho Leung, and Pik-Fung Leung. Department of Biochemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
APStracts 3:0274R, 1996.
Recent epidemiological studies have suggested that weight cycling induced by repeated dieting over time may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. It is speculated that the increased mortality from coronary heart disease for people with a history of excessive weight cycling could be attributed to change in lipid metabolism. Previous studies have demonstrated that repeated cycling of 100% food restriction followed by ad libitum refeeding caused a depletion of linoleate and [alpha]-linolenate in rats. The objective of the present study was to test the hypothesis that the weight cycling -induced reduction in linoleate and [alpha]-linolenate is independent of extent of calorie restriction. Two consecutive weight cycles in three experiments were induced by 100% calorie restriction, 60% calorie restriction, and 36% calorie restriction, respectively, followed by ad libitum refeeding. As the consequence of the two weight cycles, linoleate and linolenate were decreased whereas myristate, palmitate and palmitoleate were proportionally increased in carcass and adipose tissue lipids. The results of all three experiments showed a preferential depletion of linoleate and [alpha] -linolenate without changing the final body weight, total body fat and adipose tissue pads in the weight-cycled rats. In addition, the triacylglycerol species profile in the adipose tissue of weight -cycled rats was significantly remodelled with a proportional depletion of linoleate-enriched triacylglycerol species (LLL, LLO and LLP) and a proportional accumulation of palmitate-enriched triacylglycerol species (OPPo, PPPo and PPP). We conclude that weight cycling changes the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids and remodels the adipose tissue triacylglycerol species profile in rats.

Received 27 November 1995; accepted in final form 26 June 1996.
APS Manuscript Number R746-5.
Article publication pending Am. J. Physiol. (Regulatory Integrative
Comp. Physiology).
ISSN 1080-4757 Copyright 1996 The American Physiological Society.
Published in APStracts on 25 July 1996