In humans at least seventy-five percent of insulin secretion arises from punctuated insulin secretory bursts. P[stod]orksen, Niels, Birgit Nyholm, Johannes D. Veldhuis, Peter C. Butler, Ole Schmitz. Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism M, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, and NSF Center for Biological Timing, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, and Department of Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
APStracts 4:0161E, 1997.
Detection of insulin secretory bursts in peripheral blood is hampered by hepatic insulin extraction, dilution in systemic insulin pool and time-delayed damping of secretory burst amplitude. Previous studies in dogs in vivo and other experiments in vitro have shown that approximately 70 % of all insulin is released within distinct insulin secretory bursts. To establish a method for detection and quantification of pulsatile insulin release in humans based on peripheral insulin concentration measurements, we used a high -sensitivity, specificity and precision insulin ELISA, and optimized an established deconvolution methodology to quantify the frequency, mass and amplitude of insulin secretory bursts, as well as estimate the relative contribution of pulsatile insulin release to overall insulin secretion. Using minutely sampled serum insulin concentrations measured by a highly sensitive insulin ELISA, and insulin kinetics of 2.8 minutes (first half life), 5.0 minutes (second half life) and a fractional slow component of 0.28, the deconvolved insulin secretion rates in 20 healthy subjects during glucose infusion (4.5 mg/kg/min) could be resolved into a series (4.7 +/-0.1 minute/pulse) of approximately symmetric insulin secretory bursts with a mean mass of 87 +/-12 pmol/L/pulse and a mean amplitude (maximal release rate) of 35 +/-4.7 pmol/L/minute. The relative contribution of pulsatile to overall insulin secretion was 75 +/-1.6 % (range 59 to 85 %). We conclude that in vivo insulin secretion in the human during nominal glucose stimulation consists of a series of punctuated insulin secretory bursts accounting for at least 75 % of total insulin secretion.

Received 27 February 1997; accepted in final form 21 July 1997.
APS Manuscript Number E92-7.
Article publication pending Am. J. Physiol. (Endocrinol. Metab.).
ISSN 1080-4757 Copyright 1997 The American Physiological Society.
Published in APStracts on 27 August 1997