Increased activity of the hexosamine synthesis pathway in muscles of insulin resistant ob/ob mice. Buse, Maria G., Katherine A. Robinson, Thomas W. Gettys, Ellen G. McMahon, and Eric A. Gulve. Departments of Medicine (Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Medical Genetics and Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology) and Biochemistry/Molecular biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, S.C. 29425 and Cardiovascular Diseases Research, G.D. Searle and Company, St. Louis, MO, 63167
APStracts 4:0044E, 1997.
Enhanced glucose flux via the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway has been implicated in insulin resistance. We measured products of this pathway, UDP-N-acetyl hexosamines (UDP-HexNAc) and activity of the rate-limiting enzyme, glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) in tissues of ob/ob mice and lean controls. Ob/ob mice were obese, hyperglycemic and hyperinsulinemic. Resistance to the effect of insulin on glucose transport was demonstrated in isolated soleus muscles, although total GLUT4 concentration was mildly increased in muscles from ob/ob mice. UDP-HexNAc concentrations in hindlimb muscles decreased between 8-17 weeks, but were always higher in ob/ob vs. controls (p < 0.001, mean increase 67%). Concentrations of UDP-hexoses and GDP-mannose were similar in ob/ob and control muscles. Muscle GFAT activity declined with age but was increased in ob/ob vs. controls at each age examined (p < 0.001, mean increase 108%). UDP-HexNAc concentrations and GFAT activity were similar in livers of ob/ob and controls. These data suggest that glucose flux via the hexosamine pathway is selectively increased in muscle but not liver of ob/ob mice and may contribute to muscle insulin resistance in this model of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Received 7 October 1996; accepted in final form 4 February 1997.
APS Manuscript Number E496-6.
Article publication pending Am. J. Physiol. (Endocrinol. Metab.).
ISSN 1080-4757 Copyright 1997 The American Physiological Society.
Published in APStracts on 20 February 1997