The Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery at The University of Texas Medical School at Houston
Department of Otorhinolaryngology

Head & Neck Mass


A mass (lump or nodule) of the head and neck is a common reason for patients to seek the consultation of an ear, nose, and throat (ENT) physician. Masses of the head and neck may represent a variety of conditions such as infections, congenital lesions, benign growths, or malignant tumors. Physicians will determine the etiology of a head and neck mass by reviewing the patient’s symptoms.

    Important questions to ask patients with head and neck masses are:
  • How long has it been there?
  • Does it hurt?
  • Does it grow or shrink?
  • Is it causing problems with swallowing, speaking, or breathing?
  • Have you recently been ill with any infections?
  • Do you use tobacco products regularly?
    The next step in evaluating a patient with a head and neck mass is to examine the patient. This includes a comprehensive examination of the head and neck.
  • How large is the mass?
  • Is the mass fixed or mobile?
  • Is the mass tender to palpation?
  • Is the mass fluctuant (fluid-filled) or solid?
  • Are the mouth, throat, and larynx normal?
  • Are there any other masses?

Otorhinolaryngologists may recommend an imaging study such as ultrasound or CT scan to further elucidate the etiology of the neck mass. The Head and Neck Oncologic Surgeons of UT-Houston are trained and experienced in performing office ultrasonography of head and neck masses and may perform an ultrasound during your visit. In some cases, a needle biopsy may be recommended to further assist in determining the nature of a head and neck mass.

It is very important to have all head and neck masses evaluated by a skilled Otorhinolaryngologist. In some patients, a delay to diagnosis may have serious consequences.