Xiurong Zhao, M.D.

Associate Professor of Neurology

Contact Information:

• Telephone: 713-500-6160
  
• Fax: 713-500-0692
  
• E-mail: Xiurong.Zhao@uth.tmc.edu

Board Certifications

• American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology in Neurology
• Certification in Vascular Neurology 2005

Education and Training:

• M.D., University of Shanda, China
• Jinan Anti-Epidemic Center, Shandong, China, Infectious Disease and Control
• Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Medical School at Houston

Publications and Abstracts

• Newcomb, J.K., Liu, S.J., Kampfl, A., Zhao, X., Posmantur, R.M., Clifton, G.L., and Hayes, R.L. Examination of calpain 1 specific breakdown products to "-spectrin in a controlled cortical impact model at both early and late time points. Society for Neuroscience 26th Annual Meeting, Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 22 (3), 1903, 1996.
• Zhao, X. Posmantur, R.M., Liu, S.J., Newcomb, J.K., Clifton, G.L., and Hayes, R.L. Time-related calpain 1 activity analysis following traumatic brain injury in rat using casein zymography. Society for Neuroscience 26th Annual Meeting, Society for Neuroscience, Abstracts 22 (3), 1903, 1996.
• Newcomb, J.K., Liu, S.J., Kampfl, A., Zhao, X., Posmantur, R.M., Clifton, G.L., and Hayes, R.L. Examination of calpain mediated breakdown products to "-spectrin in a controlled cortical impact model at both early and late time points. 14th Annual Neurotrauma Symposium, J. Neurotrauma, 13 (10), 592, 1996.
• Zhao, X. Posmantur, R.M., Liu, S.J., Newcomb, J.K., Clifton, G.L., and Hayes, R.L. Time-related calpain 1 activity analysis following traumatic brain injury in rat using casein zymography. 14th Annual Neurotrauma Symposium, J. Neurotrauma, 13 (10), 592, 1996.
• Zhao, X., Pike, B.R., Newcomb, J.K., Posmantur, R.M., Wang, K.K.W., Clifton, G.L., and Hayes, R.L. The effects of apoptosis or necrosis on septo-hippocampal glial-neuronal cultures. Society for Neuroscience 27th Annual Meeting, Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 23 (2), 2194, 1997.
• Pike, B.R., Zhao, X., Wang, K.K.W., Liu, S.J., Newcomb, J.K., Gegeny, T., Posmantur, R.M., Clifton, G.L., and Hayes, R.L. Calpain and caspase proteolysis of "-spectrin following traumatic brain injury. Society for Neuroscience 27th Annual Meeting, Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 23 (2), 2194, 1997.
• Newcomb, J.K., Zhao, X., Pike, B.R., Clifton, G.L., and Hayes, R.L. Evidence of apoptosis following controlled cortical impact injury in the rat. 15th Annual Neurotrauma Symposium, J. Neurotrauma, 14 (10), 763, 1997.
• Hayes, R.L., Pike, B.R., Zhao, X., Newcomb, J.K., Clifton, G.L. Proteolysis of the specific and endogenous calpain inhibitor (calpastatin) following traumatic brain injury. 15th Annual Neurotrauma Symposium, J. Neurotrauma, 14 (10), 762, 1997.
• Zhao, X., Pike, B.R., Newcomb, J.K., Posmantur, R.M., Wang, K.K.W., Clifton, G.L., and Hayes, R.L. Apoptosis and necrosis in septo-hippocampal glial-neuronal cultures: A competitive study. 15th Annual Neurotrauma Symposium, J. Neurotrauma, 14 (10), 778, 1997.
• Pike, B.R., Zhao, X., Wang, K.K.W., Liu, S.J., Newcomb, J.K., Gegeny, T., Posmantur, R.M., Clifton, G.L., and Hayes, R.L. Calpain and caspase proteolysis of "-spectrin following traumatic brain injury. 15th Annual Neurotrauma Symposium, J. Neurotrauma, 14 (10), 763, 1997.
• Zhao, X., Pike, B.R., Newcomb, J.K., Posmantur, R.M., Wang, K.K.W., Clifton, G.L., and Hayes, R.L. Apoptosis and necrosis in septo-hippocampal glial-neuronal cultures: A comparitive study. 15th Annual Neurotrauma Symposium, J. Neurotrauma, 14 (10), 778, 1997.
• Pike, B.R., Zhao, X., Wang, K.K.W., Liu, S.J., Newcomb, J.K., Gegeny, T., Clifton, G.L., and Hayes, R.L. Regional and temporal characterization of calpain-mediated ?-spectrin proteolysis following traumatic brain injury. J. Neurochemistry, 69 (Suppl.) S144, 1997.
• Pike, B.R., Zhao, X., Newcomb, J.K., and Hayes, R.L. Caspase-3 activation after stretch injury in primary septo-hippocampal cultures: Relationship to cell viability and morphology. Society for Neuroscience 28th Annual Meeting, Society for Neuroscience, Abstracts, 24 (2), 1731, 1998.
• Hayes, R.L., Zhao, X., Newcomb, J.K., Pike, B.R., Posmantur, R.M., and Wang, K.K.W. (1998). Novel characteristics of glutamate induced cell death in primary septo-hippocampal cultures: Relationship to calpain and caspase-3 activation. 16th Annual Neurotrauma Symposium, J. Neurotrauma, 15 (10), 873.
• Newcomb, J.K., Zhao, X., Pike, B.R., Wang, K.K.W., and Hayes, R.L. Proteolytic mechanisms of cell injury following glucose-oxygen deprivation in primary septo-hippocampal cell cultures. 16th Annual Neurotrauma Symposium, J. Neurotrauma, 15 (10), 887, 1998.
• Pike, B.R., Zhao, X., Newcomb, J.K., and Hayes, R.L. Caspase-3 activation after stretch injury in primary septo-hippocampal cultures: Relationship to cell viability and morphology. 16th Annual Neurotrauma Symposium, J. Neurotrauma, 15 (10), 891, 1998.
• Zhao, X., Pike, B.R., Newcomb, J.K., Wang, K.K.W., and Hayes, R.L. Mechanisms of pharmacological protection from stretch-induced cell injury in primary cell cultures. 16th Annual Neurotrauma Symposium, J. Neurotrauma, 15 (10), 904, 1998.
• Hayes, R.L., Zhao, X., Newcomb, J.K., Pike, B.R., Posmantur, R.M., and Wang, K.K.W. Novel characteristics of glutamate induced cell death in primary septo-hippocampal cultures: Relationship to calpain and caspase-3 activation. J. Neurochemistry, 72 (Suppl.) S41D, 1999.
• Newcomb, J.K., Zhao, X., Pike, B.R., Wang, K.K.W., and Hayes, R.L. Caspase-3 and calpain activation following glucose-oxygen deprivation in mixed primary septo-hippocampal cell cultures. J. Neurochemistry, 72 (Suppl.) S52D, 1999.
• Pike, B.R., Zhao, X., Newcomb, J.K., and Hayes, R.L. Acute calpain activation followed by delayed caspase-3 activation and apoptotic cell death after stretch injury to septo-hippocampal cell cultures. J. Neurochemistry, 72 (Suppl.) S53A, 1999.
• Zhao, X., Pike, B.R., Newcomb, J.K., and Hayes, R.L. TNF-a stimulates caspase-3 activation and apoptotic cell death in primary septo-hippocampal cultures. J .Neurochemistry, 72 (Suppl.) S53B, 1999.
• Hayes, R.L., Zhao, X., Newcomb, J.K., and Pike, B.R. Proteolytic mechanisms of cell death following traumatic brain injury. J. Neurochemistry, 72 (Suppl.) S91A, 1999.
• X. Zhao, Y. Zhang, R. Strong, J.C. Grotta, and J. Aronowski: 15d-Prostaglandin J2 activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma, promotes expression of catalase, and reduces inflammation, behavioral dysfunction, and neuronal loss after intracerebral hemorrhage in rats. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 26(6): 811-20, 2006.
• X. Zhao, Z. Ou, J.C. Grotta, N. Waxham, and J. Aronowski: Peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) activation protects neurons from NMDA excitotoxicity. Brain Res. 1073-1074: 460-9, 2006.
• N.A. Victor, E.W. Wanderi, J. Gamboa, X. Zhao, J. Aronowski, K. Deininger, W.D. Lust, G.E. Landreth, and S. Sundararajan: Altered PPARr expression and activation after transient focal ischemia in rats. European Journal of Neuroscience. 1-12, 2006.
• Z. Ou, X. Zhao, L.A. Labiche, R. Strong, J.C. Grotta, O. Herrmann, and J. Aronowski: Neuronal expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) and 15d-prostaglandin J2--mediated protection of brain after experimental cerebral ischemia in rat. Brain Res. 1096(1): 196-203, 2006.
• X. Zhao, J. Aronowski, S.J. Liu, T. Schallert, J. Zhang, R. Strong, Z.S. Ou, T. Nguyen, and J.C. Grotta: Wheel-running modestly promotes functional recovery after a unilateral cortical lesion in rats. Behav Neurol. 16(1): 41-9, 2005.
• X. Zhao, J. Aronowski, G-H. Sun, J. Zhang, R. Strong, Y-J. Zhang, J.C. Grotta, Yujian Zhang, J.C. Grotta: Edaravone And Caffeinol Are Neuroprotective After Transient Middle Cerebral Artery. J. Neurological Sciences. 22(4), 2005.
• X. Zhao, S.J. Liu, J. Zhang, R. Strong, J. Aronowski, and J.C. Grotta: Combining insulin-like growth factor derivatives plus caffeinol produces robust neuroprotection after stroke in rats. Stroke. 36(1): 129-34, 2005.
• D.H. Kim and X. Zhao: BDNF protects neurons following injury by modulation of caspase activity. Neurocrit Care. 3(1): 71-6, 2005.
• M.T. Woodlee, A.M. Asseo-Garcia, X. Zhao, S.-J. Liu, T.-A. Jones, and T. Schallert: Testing forelimb placing "across the midline" reveals distinct, lesion-dependent patterns of recovery in rats. Experimental Neurology. 2004.
• D.H. Kim, X. Zhao, C.H. Tu, P. Casaccia-Bonnefil, and M.V. Chao: Prevention of apoptotic but not necrotic cell death following neuronal injury by neurotrophins signaling through the tyrosine kinase receptor. J Neurosurg. 100(1): 79-87, 2004.
• Germano, C. Costa, S.M. Deford, F.F. Angileri, F. Arcadi, B.R. Pike, P. Bramanti, B. Bausano, X. Zhao, A.L. Day, D.K. Anderson, and R.L. Hayes: Systemic administration of a calpain inhibitor reduces behavioral deficits and blood-brain barrier permeability changes after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in the rat. J Neurotrauma. 19(7): 887-96, 2002.
• X. Zhao, B. Bausano, B.R. Pike, J.K. Newcomb-Fernandez, K.K. Wang, E. Shohami, N.C. Ringger, S.M. Deford, D.K. Anderson, and R.L. Hayes: TNF-alpha stimulates caspase-3 activation and apoptotic cell death in primary septo-hippocampal cultures. J Neurosci Res. 64(2): 121-31, 2001.
• J.K. Newcomb-Fernandez, X. Zhao, B.R. Pike, K.K. Wang, A. Kampfl, R. Beer, S.M. Deford, and R.L. Hayes: Concurrent assessment of calpain and caspase-3 activation after oxygen-glucose deprivation in primary septo-hippocampal cultures. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 21(11): 1281-94, 2001.
• X. Zhao, J.K. Newcomb, B.R. Pike, K.K. Wang, D. D'avella, and R.L. Hayes: Novel characteristics of glutamate-induced cell death in primary septohippocampal cultures: relationship to calpain and caspase-3 protease activation. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 20(3): 550-62, 2000.
• B.R. Pike, X. Zhao, J.K. Newcomb, C.C. Glenn, D.K. Anderson, and R.L. Hayes: Stretch injury causes calpain and caspase-3 activation and necrotic and apoptotic cell death in septo-hippocampal cell cultures. J Neurotrauma. 17(4): 283-98, 2000.
• R. Beer, G. Franz, A. Srinivasan, R.L. Hayes, B.R. Pike, J.K. Newcomb, X. Zhao, E. Schmutzhard, W. Poewe, and A. Kampfl: Temporal profile and cell subtype distribution of activated caspase-3 following experimental traumatic brain injury. J Neurochem. 75(3): 1264-73, 2000.
• X. Zhao, B.R. Pike, J.K. Newcomb, K.K. Wang, R.M. Posmantur, and R.L. Hayes: Maitotoxin induces calpain but not caspase-3 activation and necrotic cell death in primary septo-hippocampal cultures. Neurochem Res. 24(3): 371-82, 1999.
• J.K. Newcomb, B.R. Pike, X. Zhao, N.L. Banik, and R.L. Hayes: Altered calpastatin protein levels following traumatic brain injury in rat. J Neurotrauma. 16(1): 1-11, 1999.
• J.K. Newcomb, X. Zhao, B.R. Pike, and R.L. Hayes: Temporal profile of apoptotic-like changes in neurons and astrocytes following controlled cortical impact injury in the rat. Exp Neurol. 158(1): 76-88, 1999.
• A.N. Moore, A.W. Kampfl, X. Zhao, R.L. Hayes, and P.K. Dash: Sphingosine-1-phosphate induces apoptosis of cultured hippocampal neurons that requires protein phosphatases and activator protein-1 complexes. Neuroscience. 94(2): 405-15, 1999.
• X. Zhao, R. Posmantur, A. Kampfl, S.J. Liu, K.K. Wang, J.K. Newcomb, B.R. Pike, G.L. Clifton, and R.L. Hayes: Subcellular localization and duration of mu-calpain and m-calpain activity after traumatic brain injury in the rat: a casein zymography study. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 18(2): 161-7, 1998.
• X. Zhao, J.K. Newcomb, R.M. Posmantur, K.K. Wang, B.R. Pike, and R.L. Hayes: pH dependency of mu-calpain and m-calpain activity assayed by casein zymography following traumatic brain injury in the rat. Neurosci Lett. 247(1): 53-7, 1998.
• Y.H. Qiu, X. Zhao, R.L. Hayes, J.R. Perez-Polo, B.R. Pike, L. Huang, G.L. Clifton, and K. Yang: Activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase by brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene transfection in septo-hippocampal cultures. J Neurosci Res. 52(2): 192-200, 1998.
• R.M. Posmantur, X. Zhao, A. Kampfl, G.L. Clifton, and R.L. Hayes: Immunoblot analyses of the relative contributions of cysteine and aspartic proteases to neurofilament breakdown products following experimental brain injury in rats. Neurochem Res. 23(10). 1265-76, 1998.
• B.R. Pike, X. Zhao, J.K. Newcomb, K.K. Wang, R.M. Posmantur, and R.L. Hayes: Temporal relationships between de novo protein synthesis, calpain and caspase 3-like protease activation, and DNA fragmentation during apoptosis in septo-hippocampal cultures. J Neurosci Res. 52(5): 505-20, 1998.
• B.R. Pike, X. Zhao, J.K. Newcomb, R.M. Posmantur, K.K. Wang, and R.L. Hayes: Regional calpain and caspase-3 proteolysis of alpha-spectrin after traumatic brain injury. Neuroreport. 9(11): 2437-42, 1998.
• R. Posmantur, A. Kampfl, R. Siman, J. Liu, X. Zhao, G.L. Clifton, and R.L. Hayes: A calpain inhibitor attenuates cortical cytoskeletal protein loss after experimental traumatic brain injury in the rat. Neuroscience. 77(3): 875-88, 1997.
• J.K. Newcomb, A. Kampfl, R.M. Posmantur, X. Zhao, B.R. Pike, S.J. Liu, G.L. Clifton, and R.L. Hayes: Immunohistochemical study of calpain-mediated breakdown products to alpha-spectrin following controlled cortical impact injury in the rat. J Neurotrauma 14(6): 369-83, 1997.
• Kampfl, R.M. Posmantur, X. Zhao, E. Schmutzhard, G.L. Clifton, and R.L. Hayes: Mechanisms of calpain proteolysis following traumatic brain injury: implications for pathology and therapy: implications for pathology and therapy: a review and update. J Neurotrauma 14(3): 121-34, 1997.
• K. Yang, J.J. Xue, Y.H. Qiu, J.R. Perez-Polo, J. Whitson, F. Faustinella, A. Kampfl, X. Zhao, Y. Iwamoto, X.S. Mu, G. Clifton, and R.L. Hayes: Cationic lipid-mediated NGF gene transfection increases neurofilament phosphorylation. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 43(1-2): 13-20, 1996.
• A. Kampfl, R. Posmantur, R. Nixon, F. Grynspan, X. Zhao, S.J. Liu, J.K. Newcomb, G.L. Clifton, and R.L. Hayes: Mu-calpain activation and calpain-mediated cytoskeletal proteolysis following traumatic brain injury. J Neurochem. 67(4): 1575-83, 1996.
• A. Kampfl, X. Zhao, J.S. Whitson, R. Posmantur, C.E. Dixon, K. Yang, G.L. Clifton, and R.L. Hayes: Calpain inhibitors protect against depolarization-induced neurofilament protein loss of septo-hippocampal neurons in culture. Eur J Neurosci. 8(2): 344-52, 1996.
• J.S. Whitson, A. Kampfl, X. Zhao, C.E. Dixon, and R.L. Hayes: Brief potassium depolarization decreases levels of neurofilament proteins in CNS culture. Brain Res. 694(1-2): 213-22, 1995.
• J.S. Whitson, A. Kampfl, X. Zhao, and R.L. Hayes: Time course of neurofilament protein loss following depolarization-induced injury in CNS culture. Neurosci Lett. 197(2): 159-63, 1995.
• A. Kampfl, J.S. Whitson, X. Zhao, R. Posmantur, G.L. Clifton, and R.L. Hayes: Calpain inhibitors reduce depolarization induced loss of tau protein in primary septo-hippocampal cultures. Neurosci Lett, 194(3): 149-52, 1995.
• R.L. Hayes, K. Yang, J.S. Whitson, J.J. Xue, A. Kampfl, X.S. Mu, X. Zhao, F. Faustinella, and G.L. Clifton: Rescue of injury-induced neurofilament loss by BDNF gene transfection in primary septo-hippocampal cell cultures. Neurosci Lett. 191(1-2): 121-5, 1995.
• Bu, X. Zhao, and Y.-H. Song: Study of 25 years data of food poisoning in Jinan city. Jinan Prevention Medicine. 11: 74-77, 1991.
• X. Zhao, Study of hygiene criteria of 480 cases of cooked meat in Jinan city. Prevention Medicine. 3: 36-39, 1984.
• X. Zhao, G-Y Han: Study of 1979-1983 food poisoning data in Jinan city. Prevention Medicine. 3: 56-60, 1984.
• X. Zhao, Q. Zhang, C.-H. Qiao, K. Guan, and W-M Jin: Deformation study of contaminated water of Xiaoqing River on mouse sperms. Selection of Outstanding Graduation Theses of ShanDong Medical University. 1983.
• Qu CF, Han GY, Song YH, Zhao X, Fan SM, Feng DQ. Intestinal Infectious Diseases And Helminc Diseases. In Jinan Monitor And Detection Center Of Food Hygiene And Jinan Health Education Center, Monitor and Detection of Diseases Related To Food Contamination, Ji-Nan Municipal CDC and Prevention, Shandong, China, 1987.